Sequential haematological and serum biochemical changes in Black Bengal goats infected with a local isolate of peste des petits ruminants virus from Bangladesh

Abstract

Background Knowledge of sequential changes in haematobiochemical parameters of infected animals helps in the formulation of appropriate supportive therapy. Objective We investigated the sequential haematological and biochemical changes in peste des petits ruminants (PPR)‐infected Black Bengal goats. Methods Goats were either infected with PPR virus (PPRV; n = 8) or sham infected with sterile phosphate‐buffered saline (n = 4) via the intranasal route. Blood and sera were collected from both groups at different days post‐infection (dpi) and analysed. Goats were sacrificed at different dpi and the amount of PPRV RNA in different tissues was quantified by real‐time RT‐PCR. Results The PPRV‐infected goats showed mild depression and scanty nasal secretions starting at 4 dpi which became severe with high fever (106°F), dyspnoea, stomatitis, profuse orinasal discharge and diarrhoea at 9–13 dpi. PPRV RNA was detected in different tissues of infected goats. Severe lymphocytic leukopenia (at 18 dpi) was observed in infected goats. Total protein and albumin decreased in infected goats starting at 10 dpi. An elevated level of enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase) and metabolites (blood urea nitrogen and urea B) were found in infected goats starting at 7–10 dpi, suggesting damages in the liver and kidneys. PPR‐infected goats showed elevated sodium and chloride ions starting at 7 dpi. The majority of infected goats were seroconverted by 14 dpi. Conclusions Anti‐diarrheal agents, aqua solutions and other medicine to support liver and kidney functions could be considered as supportive therapy against PPRV infection.

A Sequential Study on the Pathology of Peste Des Petits Ruminants and Tissue Distribution of the Virus Following Experimental Infection of Black Bengal Goats

“…Among different electrolytes, the concentration of the sodium and chloride increased significantly in the infected goats. The detail of the hematobiochemical changes of experimental PPR infected goats has been published separately (32). Taken together, the PPR infected goats showed progressive leukopenia and hypoproteinemia, and a gradual increase of serum metabolites and enzymes associated with liver and kidney functions.…”

Isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus using primary goat kidney cell culture from kidneys obtained at slaughter

“…The early CPEs found in PPRV‐infected primary goat kidney cells in this study could be explained by the origin of cells and characteristics of virus strain used. Natural PPR affected Black Bengal goats showed severe pathological changes in kidneys and elevated serum creatine kinase (Begum et al., 2018), and large amount of PPRV was detected in kidneys of Black Bengal goats experimentally infected with a local PPRV strain (Begum et al, 2020), suggesting an increase permissiveness of goat kidney cells to PPRV infection. Moreover the PPRV strain used in this study was collected from a local field outbreak in Black Bengal goat with severe lesions in kidneys.…”

“…The characteristics CPEs induced by PPRV found in this study have also been described elsewhere (Adu et al., 1990; Saeed et al., 2004). The developed primary kidney cells are being routinely used for the isolation of field strains of PPRV in our laboratory and the pathogenicity of the propagated virus remained unaltered during subsequent experimental infection (Begum et al, 2020).…”

Molecular Epidemiology and Phylogenetic Analysis of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus Circulating in Sheep in Bangladesh

“…PPR is now widespread and poses a serious danger to the growth of the sheep and goat farming industries in Bangladesh. Several studies have detected PPRV in goats in Bangladesh using molecular approaches [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Although PPR has been prevalent in Bangladesh for almost two decades, the epidemiological association and spread of PPRV in the sheep population have not yet been well elucidated.…”