Sequential Multiple-Target Sensor: In³⁺, Fe²⁺, and Fe³⁺ Discrimination by an Anthracene-Based Probe

Abstract

Indium is a nonphysiological toxic metal widely used in industry. While misunderstood, its toxicity is proposed to be linked to a perturbation of Fe 3+ homeostasis through the binding of In 3+ ions to essential iron metalloproteins such as transferrins. Therefore, the monitoring of In 3+ and Fe 3+ in biological environments is of prime interest for both basic research and diagnosis. Here we report the design of a salen-type anthracene-based probe able to selectively sense and discriminate In 3+ and Fe 2+/3+ ions by fluoro-colorimetry.1

Argentivorous Molecules with Chromophores in Side Arms: Silver Ion-Induced Turn On and Turn Off of Fluorescence

“…This structure means that the solid state of L 1 forms an anthracene excimer between the nearest neighbor L 1 molecules. Due to intermolecular excimer, the solid-state fluorescence spectrum of L 1 shows strong green emission at 506 nm, as a characteristic emission band for the anthracene excimer (Figure a). On the other hand, two pyrene molecules of L 2 were overlapped at a distance of 3.37 Å with about 10% overlap area (Figure a).…”

“…Excimer is defined as a dimer associated with an excited electronic state and dissociative in its ground electronic state. − Generally, the excimer band shows a red shift compared with a monomer because of the increasing electron affinity of the acceptor and decreasing the donor’s ionization potential. − Using the fluorescence properties of excimers, the fluorescent sensor molecules for heavy and transition metals have been extensively developed. − Among well-known fluorophores, anthracene, pyrene, and their derivatives have been investigated into many functions for sensing metal ions, pH, simple inorganic anions, and small organic molecules. − Pyrene is strong electron donor material, and pyrene excimer from several pyrene derivatives usually exhibits a similar emission color of sky-blue or cyan, resulting from almost the same excited-state geometry. − Since excellent monomer and excimer emission changes occur at remarkably different wavelengths on the basis of the distance between two anthracene or pyrene moieties, both fluorophores (anthracene and pyrene) acting as a fluorophore have been utilized effectively. − …”

A multifunctional basic pH indicator probe for distinguishable detection of Co2+, Cu2+and Zn2+with its utility in mitotracking and monitoring cytoplasmic viscosity in apoptotic cells

“…[14][15][16][17] However, very scarce research is performed in the field of single receptors which have the potential of targeting multiple metal ions. [18][19][20] This motivated us to devise a system to discriminate Co 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Zn 2+ ions.…”

Highly sensitive naphthalimide based Schiff base for the fluorimetric detection of Fe3+

“… 55 Finelli et al reported salen-type anthracene-based probe for the selective fluoro-colourimetric detection of Fe 3+ . 56 Phenol-based Schiff base, 4-pyridine-2-ylmethyleneaminophenol (PYAP) was found to be highly sensitive towards Fe 3+ low-level detection with the naked eye. 57,58 Most of these ligands suffer from low sensitivity, irreversible sensing and poor subcellular selectivity.…”