Sequenzabhängigkeit matrizengesteuerter Synthesen von Hexadesoxynucleotid‐Derivaten mit 3′‐5′‐Pyrophosphatverknüpfung

Kiedrowski, Günter von; Wlotzka, Britta; Helbing, Jörg

doi:10.1002/ange.19891010918

Cited by 40 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The experimental realization of self‐replication systems1–3 has permitted the representation of one of the key mechanisms of life in simple chemical terms. The chemical rendering of other main cellular mechanisms remains, however, elusive.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wandel als Chance

Tzalis¹,

Piechot²

2007

Nachr Chem

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wandel als Chance

Tzalis¹,

Piechot²

2007

Nachr Chem

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“…Studien ähnlicher Systeme [52] ergaben, dass die Effizienz am hçchsten ist, wenn die Trimere und das Hexamer vollkommen komplementär sind, was stark darauf hindeutet, dass ein Templatmechanismus wirkt. Orgel entwickelte ein ähnliches System unter Verwendung der Dinukleotide 10 und 11, welches das Tetramer 12 bildet (Schema 10).…”

Section: Oligonukleotideunclassified

Mechanismen der Autokatalyse

Bissette

Fletcher

2013

Angewandte Chemie

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Selbstreplikation ist ein fundamentales Konzept. Die Vorstellung von einer Entität, die in wiederholender Weise mehr von sich selbst erzeugen kann, hat die Phantasie vieler Denker von Neumann bis Vonnegut angeregt. Über die Wissenschaft und Science‐Fiction hinaus hat das Konzept der Autokatalyse auch in die Ökonomie und Sprachtheorie Eingang gefunden – und es hat Ängste wie etwa vor “gray goo” (graue Schmiere) geschürt. Die Autokatalyse ist von zentraler Bedeutung für die Ausbreitung des Lebens und bildet die Grundlage vieler anderer biologischer Prozesse, einschließlich des modernen Konzepts der Evolution. Organismen können als unvollkommene “Selbstreplikatoren” betrachtet werden, die nah verwandte Spezies erzeugen und auf diese Weise Auslese und Evolution ermöglichen. Folglich führt jegliche Betrachtung der Selbstreplikation zu einer der tiefgreifendsten Fragen überhaupt: Was ist Leben? Selbstreplizierende Minimalsysteme wurden mit dem Ziel untersucht, die zugrundeliegenden Prinzipien lebender Systemen zu begreifen, um damit unsere Konzepte der biologischen Fitness und chemischen Stabilität, der Selbstorganisation und Emergenz weiterzuentwickeln und letztendlich herausfinden zu können, wie aus Chemie Biologie werden konnte.

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“…This is not suitable for making models of biological cells. It was later attempted (Böhler et al 1993) to carry out a shell-andcore self-reproduction by using as guest molecules the nucleotide system of Von Kiedrowski (1986Kiedrowski ( , 1989 solubilized in the core of reverse micelles. As the micelles reproduce according to the mechanism of Fig.…”

Section: Chemical Autopoiesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Autopoiesis: a review and a reappraisal

Luisi

2003

Naturwissenschaften

239

115

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The aim of the paper is to review critically the notion of autopoiesis as presented by Maturana and Varela. In particular, recognizing that there are difficulties in obtaining a complete and clear picture from the primary literature, an effort is made to present a coherent view-also based on many years of personal contact with Francisco Varela. The paper begins with a few historical notes to highlight the cultural background from which the notion of autopoiesis arose. The basic principles of autopoiesis as a theory of cellular life are then described, emphasizing also what autopoiesis is not: not an abstract theory, not a concept of artificial life, not a theory about the origin of life-but rather a pragmatic blueprint of life based on cellular life. It shown how this view leads to a conceptually clear definition of minimal life and to a logical link with related notions, such as self-organization, emergence, biological autonomy, auto-referentiality, and interactions with the environment. The perturbations brought about by the environment are seen as changes selected and triggered by the inner organization of the living. These selective coupling interactions impart meaning to the minimal life and are thus defined by Maturana and Varela with the arguable term of "cognition". This particular view on the mutual interactions between living organism and environment leads these authors to the notion of "enaction", and to the surprising view that autopoiesis and cognition are two complementary, and in a way equivalent, aspects of life. It is then shown how cognition, so defined, permits us to build a bridge between biology and cognitive science. Autopoiesis also allows one to conceive chemical models of minimal cellular life that can be implemented experimentally. The corresponding work on "chemical autopoiesis" is then reviewed. The surprising impact of autopoiesis in the social sciences ("social autopoiesis") is also briefly discussed. This review also comments on why the theory of autopoiesis had, and still has, a difficult time being accepted into the mainstream of life-science research. Finally, it is pointed out that the new interest in system biology and complexity theories may lead to a reappraisal of autopoiesis and related notions, as outlined also by other authors, such as Tibor Ganti and Stuart Kauffmann. P. L. Luisi ( ) )

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Sequenzabhängigkeit matrizengesteuerter Synthesen von Hexadesoxynucleotid‐Derivaten mit 3′‐5′‐Pyrophosphatverknüpfung

Cited by 40 publications

References 11 publications

Wandel als Chance

Wandel als Chance

Mechanismen der Autokatalyse

Autopoiesis: a review and a reappraisal

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