Sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza juncea var. sericea) for sustainable small ruminant production: Feed, helminth suppressant and meat preservation capabilities

Mahachi, Leo N.; Chikwanha, Obert C.; Katiyatiya, Chenaimoyo L.F.; Marufu, Munyaradzi Christopher; Aremu, Abdulfatai; Mapiye, Cletos

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114688

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Legume CT, particularly those from sericea lespedeza ( Lespedeza juncea var. sericea), demonstrate anthelmintic activity against GIN parasites in small ruminants ( 85 ). Sericea lespedeza ( Lespedeza cuneata ) ( 86 ) and quebracho ( Schinopsis sp.)…”

Section: Polyphenolicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Aspects of Ecologically Relevant Phytochemicals in Ruminant Production

Tedeschi

Muir²,

Naumann

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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This review provides an update of ecologically relevant phytochemicals for ruminant production, focusing on their contribution to advancing nutrition. Phytochemicals embody a broad spectrum of chemical components that influence resource competence and biological advantage in determining plant species' distribution and density in different ecosystems. These natural compounds also often act as plant defensive chemicals against predatorial microbes, insects, and herbivores. They may modulate or exacerbate microbial transactions in the gastrointestinal tract and physiological responses in ruminant microbiomes. To harness their production-enhancing characteristics, phytochemicals have been actively researched as feed additives to manipulate ruminal fermentation and establish other phytochemoprophylactic (prevent animal diseases) and phytochemotherapeutic (treat animal diseases) roles. However, phytochemical-host interactions, the exact mechanism of action, and their effects require more profound elucidation to provide definitive recommendations for ruminant production. The majority of phytochemicals of nutritional and pharmacological interest are typically classified as flavonoids (9%), terpenoids (55%), and alkaloids (36%). Within flavonoids, polyphenolics (e.g., hydrolyzable and condensed tannins) have many benefits to ruminants, including reducing methane (CH4) emission, gastrointestinal nematode parasitism, and ruminal proteolysis. Within terpenoids, saponins and essential oils also mitigate CH4 emission, but triterpenoid saponins have rich biochemical structures with many clinical benefits in humans. The anti-methanogenic property in ruminants is variable because of the simultaneous targeting of several physiological pathways. This may explain saponin-containing forages' relative safety for long-term use and describe associated molecular interactions on all ruminant metabolism phases. Alkaloids are N-containing compounds with vast pharmacological properties currently used to treat humans, but their phytochemical usage as feed additives in ruminants has yet to be exploited as they may act as ghost compounds alongside other phytochemicals of known importance. We discussed strategic recommendations for phytochemicals to support sustainable ruminant production, such as replacements for antibiotics and anthelmintics. Topics that merit further examination are discussed and include the role of fresh forages vis-à-vis processed feeds in confined ruminant operations. Applications and benefits of phytochemicals to humankind are yet to be fully understood or utilized. Scientific explorations have provided promising results, pending thorough vetting before primetime use, such that academic and commercial interests in the technology are fully adopted.

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Section: Polyphenolicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Aspects of Ecologically Relevant Phytochemicals in Ruminant Production

Tedeschi

Muir²,

Naumann

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Fermentation of amino acids (valine, isoleucine, leucine, and proline) and microbial deamination can affect the ruminal pH 30 – 32 . However, because concentration of ammonia in the rumen is a function of ammonia production, ammonia uptake by the ruminal microorganisms, and diffusion through the rumen wall, in in vitro studies there is limited uptake of ammonia by ruminal microorganisms under lower pH, and no diffusion through the rumen wall 33 , which favors accumulation of ammonia in the bottle. However, with the presence of CT from substrates containing SL, there was a reduction in ammonia concentrations, demonstrating the binding ability of CT to proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotopes provide evidence that condensed tannins from sericea lespedeza are degraded by ruminal microbes

Cleef

Dubeux

Wheeler

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The objective of Trial 1 was to determine the effects of condensed tannins (CT) from sericea lespedeza [SL; Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don] on in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM), total gas production (GP), methane (CH4) emission, and ruminal fluid parameters after fermentation. Substrates used in four 48-h in vitro fermentations were 100% bermudagrass [(Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] hay (0SL), 100% SL hay (100SL), and a mix of both hays (50SL). Linear reductions were observed for all parameters (P < 0.05) with the inclusion of SL, except for CH4 in relation to GP, that presented a quadratic effect (P = 0.005). In Trial 2, SL plants were enriched with 13C–CO2 to obtain pure enriched CT to identify the destination of fermentation end products of CT degradation. The enrichment of CT through the SL was successful (P < 0.001), and carbon originated from CT was detected in the fermentation end products [microbial mass, clarified rumen fluid, and in the CH4 produced (P < 0.001)]. Therefore, inclusion of SL was effective in reducing in vitro CH4 production and compound-specific tracing of δ13C abundance provided better quantitative understanding of the mechanisms of partitioning CT during ruminal fermentation processes.

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“…These bioactive compounds have been shown to possess anthelmintic properties, effectively combating gastrointestinal parasites that commonly afflict grazing livestock [6,7]. Sericea lespedeza has demonstrated excellent bioactivity against gastrointestinal nematode [8] and coccidia infections in both sheep and goats [9,10], and it has other reported bioactivity as well, including rumen methane suppression [11], rumen protein bypass [12], depression of Musca domestica L. (common housefly) larvae in manure [13], and anti-bloat properties [14]. Determining the geographical suitability for growing SL is vital to harnessing its full potential as a nutraceutical forage, which includes enhancing the sustainability and profitability of livestock farming, particularly promoting sustainable rearing practices for small ruminant populations [6,[15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Sericea Lespedeza Fodder Production in the Southeastern US: A Climate-Informed Geospatial Engineering Approach

Panda,

Terrill,

Mahapatra

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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Lack of attention to rural healthcare for livestock in the southeastern United States has led to a focus on small ruminant farming, mainly using sericea lespedeza [SL; Lespedeza cuneata (Dum-Cours) G. Don], a drought-resistant forage species with nutraceutical benefits. Climate change has increased land availability for SL cultivation, further expanding the potential of this bioactive (anti-parasitic) legume. This study aims to create a geospatial engineering and technology-assisted model for identifying suitable SL production areas for supporting profitable small ruminant farming. The cultivation of SL depends on specific weather conditions and soil properties, with minimum requirements for temperature and rainfall, non-clay soil with reduced bulk density, and open land cover. The main objective was to develop an automated geospatial model using ArcGIS Pro ModelBuilder to assess SL production suitability. This model also aimed to identify appropriate locations for small ruminant production in Georgia in the southeastern United States, characterized by increasing temperature fluctuations. A web-based geographic information system (webGIS) platform was developed using the ArcGIS Online dashboard interface, allowing agriculturalists to access decision support for SL production suitability tailored to their land. This forage production suitability analysis, conducted in the context of climate change, offers valuable guidance for pasture managers in other nations with similar environmental attributes, promoting global adaptability and resilience.

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Sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza juncea var. sericea) for sustainable small ruminant production: Feed, helminth suppressant and meat preservation capabilities

Cited by 14 publications

References 137 publications

Nutritional Aspects of Ecologically Relevant Phytochemicals in Ruminant Production

Nutritional Aspects of Ecologically Relevant Phytochemicals in Ruminant Production

Stable isotopes provide evidence that condensed tannins from sericea lespedeza are degraded by ruminal microbes

Optimizing Sericea Lespedeza Fodder Production in the Southeastern US: A Climate-Informed Geospatial Engineering Approach

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