Sero-epidemiological study of peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in Amahara region, Ethiopia

Fentie, Tsegaw; Teshome, Yechale; Ayele, Birhanu; Molla, Wassie; Fenta, Nigusie; Nigatu, Seleshe; Assefa, Ashenafe; Leta, Samson

doi:10.1007/s00580-018-2697-2

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The estimated pooled sero-prevalence indicated that PPR is varies significantly between species and higher in sheep 33.56% than goats 25.14%. This report is similar with other several studies [21, 22, 23, 24, and 25] and disagreed with reports that indicated PPR is more prevalent in goat than sheep [10,26,27]. Although there are biological differences between sheep and goats, higher sero-prevalence in one species than another could be due to factors such as sampling process, richness or distribution of animal in a geographical area, management practices and strain of the virus.…”

Section: Publication Bias Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…And the high demand of male animals for meat purpose driven them to the market and contribute to the higher infection rate than female which kept at home for breeding purpose and also due to genetic variation of the animals [38]. In contrast many other authors reports higher prevalence in female than male [10,22,25,26,27,34,39,40,41,42,43]. This could be due to breeding females being used for flock reproduction maintenance for a more extended period than males and higher density of females than males in flocks, or physiological differences between females and males…”

Section: Publication Bias Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sero-Prevalence and Risk Factor ofPeste Des Petits Ruminantsin Sheep and Goats of Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Adnie

Abebe

Jemberu

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundPeste des petits ruminant (PPR) is the most common prevalent viral disease of sheep and goats that impacts productivity and international animal trade in the world and also in Ethiopia. Despite the huge economic consequences related to PPR, little is known about the sero-prevalence of this disease at the country levels. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate a single-group summary for sero-prevalence of PPR disease in small ruminants of Ethiopia and assess the potential risk factor to contribute the sero-prevalence estimate.MethodologyArticle on PPR in sheep and goats were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, reference lists and African online source of articles that had been conducted between 1994 to 2020 and using inclusion and exclusion criteria with restricted to those studies published in English language.ResultsA total of 13 published papers containing 46 district level studies were included for analyses. The single-group summary of PPR disease sero-prevalence in small ruminant was estimated to be 27.71% (95 % CI: 21.46 - 33.96). Overall, the estimated pooled sero-prevalence at country level in sheep was 33.56% (95% CI: 18.72–48.41) and in goats 25.14% (95% CI: 15.68–34.59). Significant heterogeneity (I2 > 80%) was noted in all pooled estimates. The visual inspection of the funnel plot demonstrated the presence of possible publication bias which could be associated with the small number of studies and longtime interval.ConclusionsThis quantitative review showed that the pooled sero-prevalence to be high and regional prevalence estimates of PPR presented here will be useful in raising awareness and advocating the Governments to engage in initiatives PPR control and prevention.

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Section: Publication Bias Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Publication Bias Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-Prevalence and Risk Factor ofPeste Des Petits Ruminantsin Sheep and Goats of Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Adnie

Abebe

Jemberu

2021

Preprint

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“…This is in contrast with what has been reported in the literature where lowland pastoral nomadic practices have been associated with higher PPR seroprevalence due to large number of animals in continuous movement in search of fodder and water, whereas animal mixing is less frequent in the highlands with small sedentary herds (14, 20). However, more recently, Fentie et al (21) reported that small ruminants reared in the lowland and highland areas were more affected than those reared in midland (25, 14.58 vs. 7.5% respectively, P < 0.05). The difference between the present results and literature may be due to different sampling procedures in the different studies that affect their representativeness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The field data from our study did not allow a detailed evaluation of the role of the herd size, species composition of the herds and the production system (sedentary highland and lowland pastoral nomadic) on the seroprevalence rates in the two regions which may also explain the difference between results of our study and the literature. Seasonality of the disease also might have affected the results as the time period of the study was limited and outbreaks are more frequent during the main rainy season which typically lasts from March to October in Ethiopia (21). Thus, presence of active PPR outbreaks at the time of serum sample collection in one or both zones studied also could have affected our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Survey of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Ethiopia: Cattle as Potential Sentinel for Surveillance

et al. 2019

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of small ruminants; it emerged in countries previously free of the disease following the eradication of rinderpest. PPR is classified by international organizations as the next priority animal disease for global eradication campaign. Assessment of the local situations is the first step in the eradication efforts. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the seroprevalence of PPR in cattle, sheep, and goats under two livestock production systems in Ethiopia: North Shewa zone of Amhara region represents a highland sedentary life style characterized by mixed livestock-crop production system; Zone Three of Afar region represents a lowland nomadic life style characterized by pastoral livestock production system. N-competitive ELISA PPR test was performed on sera from 2,993 animals ≥6 months old sampled at watering and grazing points. Multivariable logistic regression models comparing the seropositivity between the two production systems were built by classifying doubtful results as positive, negative, or excluding them from the data. The odds ratio (OR) comparing overall PPR seroprevalence in the sedentary North Shewa Zone compared to the nomadic Zone Three ranged from 19 to 27 (P < 0.001), depending on how doubtful results were classified, which contrasts with what has been reported in the literature. This is not likely to be related solely to vaccination, since seroprevalences in cattle and small ruminants were similarly high or low in the respective zones (0–4% for Zone Three and 20–40% for North Shewa Zone), and cattle were not likely to be vaccinated. The OR of seropositivity for goats compared to cattle ranged from 1.9 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3–2.7; P < 0.001] to 2.2 (95% CI: 1.5–3.1; P < 0.001) when doubtful results were excluded or classified as negative, respectively. When doubtful results were classified as positive, association between seropositivity and animal species was not significant (P > 0.05). Our results suggest to further investigate cattle as sentinel animals for PPR surveillance.

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“…Such findings are consistent with other research that reported an equal prevalence of PPR in sheep and goats (Balamurugan, Saravanan, et al, 2012). Several individual studies reported that PPR is more prevalent in sheep than goats (Abubakar et al., 2009; El‐Yuguda et al., 2010; Enan et al., 2013) or more prevalent in goats than sheep (Delil et al., 2012; Farougou et al., 2013; Fentie et al., 2018). Although there are biological differences between sheep and goats, higher prevalence in one species than another could be due to factors such as sampling process, richness or distribution of animal in a geographical area, management practices and strain of the virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Africa and Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the prevalence in sheep and goats between 1969 and 2018

Ahaduzzaman

2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a prevalent viral disease of sheep and goats that impacts productivity and international animal trade. Despite the substantial economic consequences related to PPR, little is known about the prevalence of this disease at the broad geographical levels. Objective The present study aimed to use a systematic approach to assess the regional prevalence of PPR in sheep and goats, and the associated factors that contribute to prevalence estimates. Methods Published articles on PPR in sheep and goats were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and the reference lists of articles reporting the prevalence from 1 January 1969 to 31 December 2018. Articles were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Since the heterogeneity among the studies was significant, pooled prevalences were estimated by a random effect meta‐analysis model. Results Data on the prevalence of PPR were obtained from Africa and Asia, where the pooled prevalence estimates were 40.99% (95% CI: 37.20%–44.79%) and 38.43% (95% CI: 35.64%–41.22%) respectively. Overall, the estimated pooled prevalence at Africa‐Asia level in sheep was 39.31% (95% CI: 35.75%–42.88%) and in goats was 39.57% (95% CI: 36.66%–42.48%). Significant heterogeneity (I2 > 80%) was noted in most pooled estimates. Conclusion The results on the regional prevalence estimates of PPR presented here will be useful in raising awareness and advocating for Governments to engage in initiatives to eradicate PPR and prevent it from spreading to other continents.

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Sero-epidemiological study of peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in Amahara region, Ethiopia

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Sero-Prevalence and Risk Factor ofPeste Des Petits Ruminantsin Sheep and Goats of Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sero-Prevalence and Risk Factor ofPeste Des Petits Ruminantsin Sheep and Goats of Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Epidemiological Survey of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Ethiopia: Cattle as Potential Sentinel for Surveillance

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Africa and Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the prevalence in sheep and goats between 1969 and 2018

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