Sero-epidemiology of mumps in western Europe

Nardone, Anthony; Pebody, Richard; Hof, Susan van den; Lévy-Brühl, Daniel; Plesner, Anne‐Marie; Rota, Maria Cristina; Tischer, Annedore; Andrews, Nick; Berbers, Guy A. M.; Crovari, P.; Edmunds, W. John; Gabutti, Giovanni; Saliou, P.; Miller, Elizbeth

doi:10.1017/s0950268803008768

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Thus, seroprevalence of IgG antibodies is central to the determination of herd immunity in a population. The level of immunity required to achieve herd immunity is 85% to 90% (12). In this study seroprevalence, as determined by the Microimmune assay, was at an acceptable level in all age groups from the 7-to 11-year group up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Evaluation of Two Enzyme Immunoassays for Detection of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to Mumps Virus

Backhouse

Gidding

McIntyre

et al. 2006

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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To determine suitability for national serosurveys, we compared two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for mumps antibody, Enzygnost Anti-Parotitis-Virus/IgG (which uses a whole-virus antigen) and Microimmune Mumps IgG Screen ELISA (which uses a recombinant nucleoprotein antigen), by testing 1,915 opportunistically collected sera submitted to diagnostic laboratories across Australia in 1997 to 1998. The proportion of positive results increased with age in both ELISAs but was significantly higher with the Microimmune than with the Enzygnost ELISA overall (88% versus 63%; P < 0.01) and in all age groups. However, the proportion of equivocal results was significantly higher with the Enzygnost than with the Microimmune ELISA (9% versus 4%; P < 0.01). Of the 572 sera with discrepant or equivocal results, 508 had sufficient sample remaining to perform the neutralization test (NT). A proportion with concordant results in both ELISAs were also tested by the NT. For sera with discrepant results, there was significantly better agreement between the NT and Microimmune than between the NT and Enzygnost (310/444 [70%] versus 135/348 [39%]; P < 0.01). Of 64 sera with equivocal Microimmune results, 45 (70%) were positive in the NT compared with 140 of 160 (88%) equivocal Enzygnost results (P < 0.01). Compared with the NT, the Microimmune ELISA is more sensitive (96% versus 80%) but apparently less specific (36% versus 85%) than the Enzygnost ELISA. However, this is likely to be due to the generally lower sensitivity of the NT, since the Microimmune results reflect expected seroprevalence, based on vaccine uptake in the age groups studied. We conclude that the Microimmune ELISA is a more appropriate assay than the Enzygnost ELISA for estimation of mumps seroprevalence.Assessing population-based mumps seroprevalence is difficult. There is no international reference serum, and correlation between different assays differs according to the virus strain used and the type of antibodies detected (14). The lack of standardization is a major obstacle to international comparisons of mumps serosurvey results and evaluation of the impact of different mumps vaccination schedules.The neutralizing antibody test (NT) is considered the most specific indicator of protective mumps antibodies, but it is labor-intensive and difficult to perform (4, 10). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are simple, rapid, and suitable for automation and so ideally suited to large-scale mumps serosurveys (17). Generally they are reported to be more sensitive than the NT (2, 5, 9, 13, 15, 16). However, the NT can detect functional antibody of any class and has been shown to detect low levels of specific measles antibody below the level of detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) binding antibody assays, such as ELISAs (3). It is plausible that the same could apply to mumps antibody.In this study we compared the performance of two commercial ELISAs (Enzygnost Anti-Parotitis-Virus/IgG [Dade Behring, Marburg, Germany] and Mumps IgG Screen ELISA [...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Evaluation of Two Enzyme Immunoassays for Detection of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to Mumps Virus

Backhouse

Gidding

McIntyre

et al. 2006

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…In the last outbreaks reported in European countries, including Italian adolescents, young adults were particularly affected by measles, because most of the population was unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated Andrews et al 2008;Nardone et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The herd immunity for mumps is estimated at about 75-86% (Donaghy et al 2006), and the theoretical level of antibodies required to interrupt the transmission of mumps is estimated to be between 85% and 90% (Nardone et al 2003). Although asymptomatic mumps infections may be more common especially in adults (Sartorius et al 2005), the last epidemic peak in the province of Frosinone reported 137 cases with a median patient age of 7 vs. 285 cases with (Langiano et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are measles, mumps and rubella a public health issue in young adults? Results from a seroprevalence survey in university students in Italy

Langiano¹,

Ferrara²,

Torre³

et al. 2010

J Public Health

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Aims: A survey was conducted amongst university students to assess their level of susceptibility and knowledge of measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) diseases and their prevention, and find factors associated to the seropositivity for MMR viruses. Subjects, and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 961 students from the University of Cassino (Italy). Enzyme immunoassay method was used to assess seropositivity for MMR, while knowledge and previous vaccination information were acquired through a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of IgG antibodies was 93.2 % for measles, 91.4 % for mumps and 81.3% for rubella. The susceptibility for measles was higher in the 21-25 and over 31 age groups . The seroprevalence profile of mumps was similar to that of measles while the level of immunity to rubella was very low in students aged under 20 years (76.7%) and 21-25 years(81.2%). Only 111 students declared to be vaccinated against measles, 46 against mumps and 103 against rubella. Most students demonstrated poor knowledge concerning MMR and were not practicing preventive behaviours. Conclusions:The susceptibility was particularly high for rubella. Concerted efforts are needed to educate young adults about the benefits of vaccination and to raise their level of consciousness so as to motivate them to request vaccination. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 1 Abstract Aims:A survey was conducted amongst university students to assess their level of susceptibility and knowledge of measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) diseases and their prevention, and find factors associated to the seropositivity for MMR viruses. Subjects, and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 961 students from the University of Cassino (Italy). Enzyme immunoassay method was used to assess seropositivity for MMR, while knowledge and previous vaccination information were acquired through a self-administered questionnaire. Results:The prevalence of IgG antibodies was 93.2 % for measles, 91.4 % for mumps and 81.3% for rubella. The susceptibility for measles was higher in the 21-25 and over 31 age groups . The seroprevalence profile of mumps was similar to that of measles while the level of immunity to rubella was very low in students aged under 20 years (76.7%) and 21-25 years(81.2%). Only 111 students declared to be vaccinated against measles, 46 against mumps and 103 against rubella. Most students demonstrated poor knowledge concerning MMR and were not practicing preventive behaviours. Conclusions:The susceptibility was particularly high for rubella. Concerted efforts are needed to educate young adults about the benefits of vaccination and to raise their level of consciousness so as to motivate them to request vaccination.

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“…In Deutschland geht man davon aus, dass in der Altersgruppe der über 20-jährigen bei Mumps eine Seropositivität von 93-96% erreicht wird [9]. Allerdings zeigte eine kürzliche Untersuchung des Gesundheitsamtes Mün-ster [10] …”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Abort- und Frühgeburtenrate nach akuter Mumpsinfektionin der Schwangerschaft

Enders¹,

Rist²,

Enders³

2004

Gynäkol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch

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Fragestellung: Aufgrund der hohen Durchseuchungsraten treten akute Mumpsinfektionen in der Schwangerschaft nur selten auf. Daher ist die Datenlage zu möglichen negativen Auswirkungen der Mumpsinfektion auf den Schwangerschaftsausgang begrenzt. Patientinnen und Methoden: In unserem Labor wurde zwischen Januar 1985 und Dezember 2002 bei 79 Schwangeren die klinische Diagnose einer Mumpsinfektion serologisch bestätigt. Die uns vorliegenden Daten zum Schwangerschaftsausgang wurden durch die behandelnden Gynäkologen oder Geburtshelfer im Rahmen der Diagnostik und Beratung übermittelt. Nabelschnurblutproben von 26 der 57 lebend geborenen Kinder wurden mittels Enzymimmunoassay auf das Vorliegen mumpsspezifischer IgM- und IgG-Antikörper untersucht. Ergebnisse: Zweiundsechzig Patientinnen wurden prospektiv bis zum Ende der Schwangerschaft verfolgt. In 2 Fällen erfolgte eine Interruptio aus sozialer Indikation. Die fetale Verlustrate betrug bezogen auf das Gesamtkollektiv 6,6% (4/60). Nur 2 Aborte traten im ersten Trimenon auf. Alle Aborte wurden jedoch bei Patientinnen beobachtet, die im ersten Trimenon an Mumps erkrankten. Ein konstantes Zeitintervall zwischen Mumpsinfektion und Schwangerschaftsverlust war nicht zu verzeichnen. Das mediane Gestationsalter lag zum Zeitpunkt der Entbindung bei 40 Schwangerschaftswochen (SSW). Zwei der 57 lebend geborenen Kinder (3,5%) wurden vor der vollendeten 37. SSW entbunden. In keiner der 26 untersuchten Nabelschnurblutproben waren mumpsspezifische IgM-Antikörper nachweisbar. Schlussfolgerungen: Der fehlende Nachweis mumpsspezifischer IgM-Antikörper im Nabelschnurblut spricht bei den untersuchten Fällen gegen eine pränatale Mumpsinfektion. Die beobachtete Frühgeburten- und Abortrate erscheint nach Mumpsinfektion in der Schwangerschaft im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv nicht erhöht.

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Sero-epidemiology of mumps in western Europe

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of Two Enzyme Immunoassays for Detection of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to Mumps Virus

Evaluation of Two Enzyme Immunoassays for Detection of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to Mumps Virus

Are measles, mumps and rubella a public health issue in young adults? Results from a seroprevalence survey in university students in Italy

Abort- und Frühgeburtenrate nach akuter Mumpsinfektionin der Schwangerschaft

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