Serodiagnosis of human cysticercosis using a chromatofocused antigenic preparation of Taenia solium cysticerci in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Abstract

Crude preparations of Taenia solium cysticerci were partially purified by a chromatofocusing procedure to obtain antigenic fractions that were shown to be active in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with known positive cysticercosis sera. Evaluation of this antigen in the ELISA serodiagnosis of human cysticercus infection showed an 80% detection of clinically typical cysticercosis patients from West New Guinea, and gave no false positive results in healthy control subjects from either Papua New Guinea or the USA. Cross-reactivity to sera from a panel of subjects with a variety of other parasitic infections was limited to convalescent sera from individuals with echinococcosis. Seroepidemiological screening of three selected tropical populations verified the presence of human cysticercus infection on Bali (Indonesia) and its absence on Guam (in the Mariana Islands) and on Mota Lava (in the Banks Islands of Vanuatu). The purified cysticercus antigen was more sensitive and more specific than crude cysticercus or whole worm preparations for the serodiagnosis of human cysticercosis.

Antibodies to the metacestode of taenia solium in the saliva from patients with neurocysticercosis

“…Indeed, 7'. soliurn cysticercal antigens may show cross-reactivity with crude extracts from phylogenetically related parasites, as this cestode shares antigens with other Platyhelrninthes (24), as well as with Schistosorna, Filaria, andAngiostrongy1u.s species (7,25). Therefore, the search for IgG antibodies to a crude extract by means of ELISA should be considered only as a screening test that could be of particular value in schistosomiasis-free and echinococcosis-free areas (7).…”

Immunological and molecular diagnosis of cysticercosis

“…25 Unfortunately, a series of factors affected the diagnostic capacity of these early techniques: the sensitivity and specificity of each technique, the difficulties in defining appropriate reference sera sets, and the use of crude or minimally purified antigens, leading to non-specific reactions mainly with echinococcosis, schistosomiasis, angiostrongyliasis, sparganosis, and fasciolasis. 22,[26][27][28][29] Case definitions and reference serum batteries were greatly improved with the advent of computed tomography (CT) in 1977 and magnetic resonance imaging in 1986. Cases of NCC could then be differentiated in terms of number of lesions, stage, and location (intraparenchymal or extraparenchymal NCC), variables, which strongly influence the host's humoral immune response.…”

“…38,39 A series of other antigens were then purified using chromatographic techniques and were reported to perform with high sensitivity in cysticercosis immunodiagnosis. 27,28,[40][41][42][43] In 1989, the EITB (also known as western blot or immunoblot) using the LLGP fraction was developed and quickly became the assay of choice for serodiagnosis. The LLGP-EITB combines the specificity of using antigens previously purified by chromatography plus the resolution capacity of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate coupled with the sensitivity of enzyme-based immunodetection.…”

Die zerebrale Zystizerkose

“…auch eosinophile Zellen beigemengt sind; oft leichte Eiweiferhohung, manchrnal auch Glukose-Verminderung. Immunologische Blutuntersuchungen (Komplementbindungsreaktion, indirekte Härnagglutination) sind mit falsch negativen oder falsch positiyen (Kreuzreaktionen mit Schistosoma, Ecchinococcus) Resultaten behaftet (Nash und Neva, 1984;Coker-Vann et al, 1984).…”

“…Neue ELISA-Techniken zeigen irn Blutserum infestierter Patienten 80% positive Resultate (Coker-Vann et a!., 1984). Vermutlich handelt es sich bei den serologisch negativen Patienten vorwiegend urn frisch infizierte mit noch wenig abgestorbenen Larven.…”