Serodiagnostic Potential of Mycobacterium avium MAV2054 and MAV5183 Proteins

Abstract

eThe Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare complex (MAC) causes a pulmonary disease (PD) similar to tuberculosis (TB). Diagnosis of MAC-PD is complicated and time-consuming. In this study, the serodiagnostic potential of the newly identified MAV2054 and MAV5183 proteins was evaluated in subjects with MAC-PD, pulmonary TB, or latent TB and in noninfected healthy controls (HC), together with HspX and the 38-kDa antigen, well-known serodiagnostic M. tuberculosis antigens. All four antigens evoked significantly higher IgG responses in MAC-PD and active TB than in latent TB and HC subjects. Among the antigens, MAV2054 elicited the highest antibody responses in pulmonary TB and MAC-PD patients. IgG titers against MAV2054 and MAV5183 were significantly higher in MAC-PD than in pulmonary TB subjects. In addition, the levels of IgG against all antigens in the M. intracellulare and fibrocavitary forms were higher than those in the M. avium and nodular bronchiectatic forms, respectively. Based on sensitivity and receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, the best candidates for detection of MAC-PD and pulmonary TB were MAV2054 and the 38-kDa antigen, respectively. In total, 76.0% of MAC-PD and 65.0% of active TB patients were reactive to at least two antigens. In contrast, only 2.8% of HC subjects were reactive with two or more antigens. Our findings suggest that an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the four antigens would be valuable for screening for mycobacterial lung disease, including MAC-PD and pulmonary TB, although it does not provide good discrimination of the disease-causing pathogens.

Mycobacterium avium MAV2054 protein induces macrophage apoptosis by targeting mitochondria and reduces intracellular bacterial growth

“…Since M. avium MAV2054 is a major membrane protein and an immunodominant antigen2627, we first determined whether MAV2054 could induce macrophage activation. Incubation with MAV2054 converted RAW264.7 cells into differentiated macrophage-like cells at an early stage, but cell death patterns morphologically appeared after 24 h. We tested whether MAV2054 induced apoptosis using a cell death ELISA kit to assess DNA fragmentation.…”

“…Recombinant MAV2054 protein from Escherichia coli was produced and prepared as described previously26. Ag85 was purified from the culture filtrate protein of M. tuberculosis H37Rv as previously described by Lim et al 28…”

“…Recently, we identified MAV2054 protein with strong immuno-reactivity in MAC pulmonary disease as well as in patients with tuberculosis by fractionation of M. avium culture filtrate proteins26. At the amino acid level, MAV2054 protein shares 100% homology with the 35-kDa major membrane protein 1 of M. avium subsp .…”

An evaluation of the use of immunoglobulin A antibody response against mycobacterial antigens for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle

“…Simple fractionation was performed to separate the complex M. tuberculosis antigens, as previously described. 21 Briefly, the CFPs were precipitated with ammonium sulfate (50% and 80% saturation). The resulting ASP was dissolved in 50 mM PPB containing 1 M ammonium sulfate, separated by hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC), a and then eluted with 50 mM PPB and 1 mM PPB.…”

Highlight on Advances in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease in North America

“…Sequence analysis of the rpoB gene and 16S ribosomal RNA has been expanded recently as another method for speciation of NTM [ 70 , 71 ]. A recent study proposed serodiagnosis of pulmonary NTM infection as a possible diagnostic method in order to identify antibodies specific to lipid antigen in NTM [ 72 ].…”