Seroepidemiology of cytomegalovirus infections in Croatia

Vilibić-Čavlek, Tatjana; Kolarić, Branko; Beader, Nataša; Vrtar, Izabela; Tabain, Irena; Mlinarić‐Galinović, Gordana

doi:10.1007/s00508-016-1069-7

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The seroprevalence in our area was comparable with the prevalence found in the Eastern Mediterranean countries, where the seroprevalence average was 92% (12). In Croatia, in the years 2005-2009, the women of reproductive age had a CMV seroprevalence of 75.3% while between the period 2013-2015 this indicator reached 78% (17,18). These studies showed an increase in seroprevalence over the years contrary to the results obtained in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in pregnant women in the western region of Romania: A large‑scale study

et al. 2020

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common congenital infection worldwide, and remains a significant cause of the neurological deficiency and sensory deafness in developed countries. Maternal primary infection, reactivation or reinfection during pregnancy may lead to fetal infection and congenital CMV syndrome. The purpose of this study was to analyze the CMV seroprevalence according to demographic features of pregnant women in western Romania as well as the evolution of CMV immunity in two time intervals. IgG anti-CMV antibodies were tested in sera of 8,951 pregnant women during two successive intervals: 2008-2010 (n=1466) and 2015-2018 (n=7485). The CMV seroprevalence in women of reproductive age decreased from 94.6 to 91.80% in the last decade. The seroprevalence was higher in women from rural areas compared with those from urban areas. These results show that the western region of Romania has a low-risk profile for primary CMV infection during pregnancy due to a large number of seropositive women. However, this risk has increased in the last ten years, from 5.4 to 8.2%, which may show the need to implement a national screening program.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in pregnant women in the western region of Romania: A large‑scale study

et al. 2020

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“…CMV recurrence was found in 0–15% of hemodialysis patients, with a median value of 7% [ 49 – 51 ], and the CMV seroprevalence reached 92.3% [ 50 ].…”

Section: Who Is the Patient At Risk Of CMV Recurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

Who Is the Patient at Risk of CMV Recurrence: A Review of the Current Scientific Evidence with a Focus on Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Styczyński

2017

Infect Dis Ther

136

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an agent of global infection, and its acquisition in a population is characterized by an age-dependent rise in seropositivity. After primary infection, CMV remains in the host cells in latent form, and it can reactivate in the case of immune suppression. The risk of CMV recurrence is dependent on the level of incompetency of the immune system, manifested as an impairment of T-cell immunity, including the presence and function of CMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This article presents data on the incidence of CMV recurrence in groups of immunocompromised patients, including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients and other groups of patients, based on a summary of reported data. The median rate of CMV recurrence in HSCT recipients was estimated as 37% after allogeneic transplant and 12% after autologous transplant, 5% in patients with nontransplant hematological malignancies, 14% in recipients of anti-CD52 therapy, 30% in solid organ transplant recipients, 21% in patients with primary immunodeficiencies, 20% during active replication in HIV-positive patients and 3.3% during antiretroviral therapy, 7% in patients with chronic kidney disease, 0.6% in patients with congenital infection, and 0.6% in neonates with primary infection. The highest risk of CMV recurrence and CMV disease is reported for HSCT CMV-seropositive recipients, regardless of donor serostatus. The odds ratio (OR) for CMV recurrence is higher for recipient-positive versus recipient-negative CMV serostatus transplants (OR 8.0), donor-negative/recipient-positive versus donor-positive/recipient-positive CMV serostatus transplants (OR 1.2), unrelated/mismatched versus matched-family donor transplants (OR 1.6), and acute graft-versus-host-disease versus other diseases (OR 3.2). Other risk factors have minor significance.

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“…Depending on the country and its state of development, 25–90% of the worldwide population is CMV seropositive (2, 3) with prevalence higher in older adults (4). Once infected with CMV, the immune system is unable to eliminate the virus, resulting in persistent latent infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Aging and Cytomegalovirus on Immunological Response to Influenza Vaccination and Infection

et al. 2017

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The number of people over the age of 60 is expected to double by 2050 according to the WHO. This emphasizes the need to ensure optimized resilience to health stressors in late life. In older adults, influenza is one of the leading causes of catastrophic disability (defined as the loss of independence in daily living and self-care activities). Influenza vaccination is generally perceived to be less protective in older adults, with some studies suggesting that the humoral immune response to the vaccine is further impaired in cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive older people. CMV is a β-herpes virus infection that is generally asymptomatic in healthy individuals. The majority of older adults possess serum antibodies against the virus indicating latent infection. Age-related changes in T-cell-mediated immunity are augmented by CMV infection and may be associated with more serious complications of influenza infection. This review focuses on the impact of aging and CMV on immune cell function, the response to influenza infection and vaccination, and how the current understanding of aging and CMV can be used to design a more effective influenza vaccine for older adults. It is anticipated that efforts in this field will address the public health need for improved protection against influenza in older adults, particularly with regard to the serious complications leading to loss of independence.

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Seroepidemiology of cytomegalovirus infections in Croatia

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in pregnant women in the western region of Romania: A large‑scale study

Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in pregnant women in the western region of Romania: A large‑scale study

Who Is the Patient at Risk of CMV Recurrence: A Review of the Current Scientific Evidence with a Focus on Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Impact of Aging and Cytomegalovirus on Immunological Response to Influenza Vaccination and Infection

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