Seroepidemiology of hepatitis viruses, measles, mumps, rubella and varicella among healthcare workers and students: Should we screen before vaccination?

Karadeniz, Aslı; Alasehir, Elcin Akduman

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.01.309

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In such cases, doctors and healthcare professionals are at increased risk. According to the results of the analysis of 1,053 medical workers in Turkey, the seropositivity rate for measles among them was 57.1%, the levels of susceptibility to measles among other study participants in different age groups—18–26, 27–38, and over 38 years old—were statistically significantly different (46, 18.6%, and 0%, respectively; p <0.001) ( 11 ). When France faced a severe measles outbreak in 2010–2011, healthcare workers accounted for 9% of patients ( 12 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of the Measles Antibody Levels in Healthy Medical Personnel of Maternity Ward and Women in Labor

et al. 2021

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It has been proven that post-vaccination immunity to measles virus after two doses of vaccine is not able to persistently protect against infection throughout life. The goal of this research was to determine the immune layer to the measles virus among women in labor and maternity ward personnel in the same medical institution. The levels of IgG antibodies to measles virus in the umbilical cord blood of 594 women in labor and 88 workers of the maternity ward were studied by ELISA. It was revealed that 22.7% of umbilical cord blood serum samples from parturient women and 21.4% of blood serum samples from maternity ward personnel were seronegative (<0.18 IU/ml). Levels of IgG antibodies to measles virus in low values (<1.0 IU/ml) were detected in 67% of blood serum samples among women in labor and 68.9% among employees of the maternity ward. Among women in labor, women under 35 years of age are at the highest risk of contracting measles; the proportion of women with low levels of protective antibodies in this age group was almost 70%, and the proportion of women without protective levels of antibodies was 23%. Compared with the age group 36–43, the age of women in labor under 35 was associated with a higher chance of not having immune protection against infection with measles virus OR [95% CI] = 2.2 [1.1–4.5] (p = 0.02) or had a low level of protection OR [95% CI] = 1.9 [1.2–3.0] (p = 0.001). It was also found that among women over 35 years of age, the proportion of persons with a high level of antibodies in women in labor was statistically significantly higher than among members of the maternity ward staff (13 and 0%, respectively, p = 0.007). Thus, maternity ward employees and women in labor constitute a risk group for measles due to the presence of a high proportion of seronegative persons among women of childbearing age (both maternity ward employees and women in labor). These conditions create the need to revise current approaches to present vaccination procedures, especially in the current epidemiological situation with COVID-19.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of the Measles Antibody Levels in Healthy Medical Personnel of Maternity Ward and Women in Labor

et al. 2021

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“…Finally, sex differences in mumps’ response to vaccination were well recognized in the present study and females are significantly more responsive than males. On the other hand, this evidence was only recently supported [ 40 ], but not by another serosurvey [ 10 , 41 ]. Although the innate immunity is similar [ 42 ], adaptive immunity is more pronounced in females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In a recent serosurvey of Turkish health care workers (HCWs) and students [ 40 ], a seropositivity of 74% was found, but vaccination coverage was based on a self-reported questionnaire where about 70% self-reported as vaccinated. These results seemed very similar to those of our casuistry, both among the unvaccinated and those vaccinated with a single dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to Vaccination against Mumps in Medical Students: Two Doses Are Needed

Trevisan

Moretto

Bertoncello

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Mumps is a vaccine-preventable infectious disease diffuse worldwide. The implementation of mumps vaccination reduced largely the spread of infection. On 11,327 Medical School students the prevalence of mumps positive antibodies was evaluated according to dose/doses of vaccine, year of birth and sex. Compliance to mumps vaccine was low in students born before 1990 but increased consistently after this year, above all compliance to two doses, due to the implementation of the vaccine offer. Positivity of mumps antibodies is significantly (p < 0.0001) lower in students vaccinated once (71.2%) compared to those vaccinated twice (85.4%). In addition, students born after 1995, largely vaccinated twice, showed a seropositivity near to 90%. Further, females had a significantly (p < 0.0001) higher proportion of positive antibodies after vaccination than males, both one (74.6% vs. 64.7%) and two doses (86.8% vs. 82.9%). Finally, seropositivity after two vaccine doses remains high (86.1%) even 15 years after the second dose. In conclusion, the research highlighted that vaccination against mumps reaches a good level of coverage only after two doses of vaccine persisting at high levels over 15 years and induces a more significant response in females.

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“…They concluded that antibody testing was more efficacious [12]. Meanwhile, Asli et al concluded in the study of health care workers and students in Turkey that it is better to get the rubella vaccine without the screening tests [13]. The proportion of rubella-sensitive individuals in the study by Asli et al was 3.7% for 18-26 year olds and 4.3% for 27-38 year olds, considerably lower than that of Japanese adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Comparisons of the Cost Effectiveness of Rubella Vaccination Method in Japanese Adults

Itatani

Horiike²,

Nakai

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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The number of rubella cases has increased in Japan, especially among adults. Rubella infection in pregnant females can lead to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The Japanese government is promoting vaccination to prevent CRS. This study performs a cost-effectiveness analysis of the following four methods: (1) females who wished to become pregnant and partners, with an antibody-titer test; (2) females only, with an antibody-titer test; (3) females and males, without an antibody-titer test; (4) females only, without an antibody-titer test. A decision tree model with a hypothetical cohort of 500 males and 500 females was used for the analysis, and the parameters were obtained from previous studies. The number of avoidances of CRS was defined as the effect. Compared to the case where methods were not implemented, the number of CRS cases that can be prevented by implementing the methods was 0.0115589 by (1) and (3) and 0.0147891 by (2) and (4). The cost effectiveness of (1) to (4) was 287,413,677 JPY, 135,050,529 JPY, 388,524,974 JPY, and 197,744,219 JPY, respectively (1 JPY = 0.00963247 USD). Method (2) was the most cost-effective and did not change by sensitivity analysis. We conclude that the vaccination for females only with an antibody-titer test is recommended.

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Seroepidemiology of hepatitis viruses, measles, mumps, rubella and varicella among healthcare workers and students: Should we screen before vaccination?

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Comparative Analysis of the Measles Antibody Levels in Healthy Medical Personnel of Maternity Ward and Women in Labor

Comparative Analysis of the Measles Antibody Levels in Healthy Medical Personnel of Maternity Ward and Women in Labor

Response to Vaccination against Mumps in Medical Students: Two Doses Are Needed

Model Comparisons of the Cost Effectiveness of Rubella Vaccination Method in Japanese Adults

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