Serological and molecular detection of Theileria equi in sport horses of northeastern Brazil

Ferreira, Edlainne Pinheiro; Vidotto, Odilon; Almeida, Jonatas Campos de; Ribeiro, Luana; Borges, Marcos V.; Pequeno, Walter Henrique Cruz; Stipp, Danilo Tancler; Oliveira, Celso José Bruno de; Biondo, Alexander Welker; Vieira, Thállitha Samih Wischral Jayme; Vieira, Rafael Felipe da Costa

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2016.06.004

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with those of two other studies conducted recently in northeastern Brazil, using ELISA, the first of which reported finding 43.5% of animals positive for T. equi and 7.7% for B. caballi, while the second study found 38.1% positive for T. equi and 18.6% for B. caballi (BRAGA et al, 2017;NOGUEIRA et al, 2017). In Paraíba, also in the country's northeastern region, a study using IFA found that 59.6% of horses were seroreactive to T. equi (FERREIRA et al, 2016). In other studies conducted in Rio Grande do Sul and the Brazilian Pantanal, 18.9% and 5.5%, and 61.8% and 52.9%, were observed seropositive horses for T. equi and B. caballi, respectively, using ELISA (VIEIRA et al, 2018;CAMPOS et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Serological studies on B. caballi and T. equi have been conducted in the south, southeast and central-west regions of Brazil, which have revealed B. caballi prevalence rates varying from 18 to 90% (BARBOSA et al, 1995;HEUCHERT et al, 1999;HEIM et al, 2007;KERBER et al, 2009;VIEIRA et al, 2013;NOGUEIRA et al, 2017;BRAGA et al, 2017) and T. equi prevalence rates from 17 to 100% (TENTER & FRIEDHOFF, 1986;BARBOSA et al, 1995;RIBEIRO et al, 1999;HEUCHERT et al, 1999;XUAN et al, 2001;HEIM et al, 2007;GOLYNSKI et al, 2008;KERBER et al, 1999KERBER et al, , 2009BALDANI et al, 2010;SALVAGNI et al, 2010;VIEIRA et al, 2013;PROCHNO et al, 2014;VIEIRA et al, 2015VIEIRA et al, , 2018FERREIRA et al, 2016;GUIMARÃES et al, 2016;BRAGA et al, 2017;SCHEIN et al, 2018). However, such studies have rarely been carried out in northeastern Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological detection and risk factors for equine piroplasmosis in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil

Souza

Araujo

Pires

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Equine piroplasmosis, an economically important disease in horses, has so far not been reported in Pernambuco state, Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of anti-Babesia caballi and anti-Theileria equi antibodies based on the detection of these agents in equine blood and in ticks on horses in the municipality of Petrolina, Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. Blood samples were drawn from 393 horses and sera were examined by ELISA. The presence of tick infestations was evaluated, and 101 ticks were subjected to DNA amplification for the detection of Babesia spp. by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). No parasites were detected in the blood smears. Anti-B. caballi and anti-T. equi antibodies were found in 27.2% (107/393) and 34.8% (137/393) horses, respectively. Infestation by Dermacentor nitens was detected in 4.3% (17/393) of the horses. There was no DNA amplification of the agents in ticks. The risk factors for the presence of anti-T. equi antibodies (P < 0.05) were: purebred (P < 0.001), animals older than 156 months (P = 0.014), and the presence of ticks (P = 0.001). No risk factors for B. caballi were identified. This study confirmed the circulation of agents of equine piroplasmosis in the municipality of Petrolina, state of Pernambuco, Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological detection and risk factors for equine piroplasmosis in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil

Souza

Araujo

Pires

et al. 2019

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Molecular tools have been employed to explore genetic structure and to assess epidemiological monitoring allowing researchers to analyse pathogen populations. For this reason, studies on the phylogenetic classification of T. equi have been carried out all over the world such as Spain, South Africa, USA, Korea and Brazil (Bhoora et al, 2009;Ferreira et al, 2016;Hall et al, 2013;Nagore et al, 2004;Seo et al, 2013). The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anti-T. equi and anti-B.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological detection and molecular characterization of piroplasmids in equids in Brazil

et al. 2018

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Equine piroplasmosis is a disease caused by the hemoparasites Babesia caballi and Theileria equi and is considered to be the most important parasitic infection affecting Equidae. The objective of the present study was to carry out an epidemiological molecular and serological survey for the presence of these two protozoal organisms in equids from the northwestern region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), south Brazil. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from 90 equids in the city of Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil. Those were animals used for sport activities, outdoor recreational riding, and work including cattle herding and mounted patrol. Anti-T. equi and anti-B. caballi IgG antibodies were detected in the sera of those animals by commercial ELISA kits. The molecular diagnosis of equine piroplasmosis due to T. equi or B. caballi (or both) consisted in the amplification of the 18S rRNA gene by nested PCR followed by sequencing of the amplified PCR product and sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis of the isolates; 17 (18.9%) and 5 (5.55%) out of the 90 serum samples tested in this study were positive for T. equi and B. caballi, respectively. Piroplasmid 18S rRNA gene fragments were detected by PCR in 24.4% (22/90) of the samples analysed and shared 99-100% identity with sequences of T. equi by BLASTn. Samples for the phylogenetic analysis were divided into 2 groups. In group A, there was close phylogenetic relationship between 4 sequences and sequences previously reported along the US-Mexico border, in South Africa, and in Brazil. There was a phylogenetic proximity between 5 samples from group B and samples tested by other authors in the US and Spain. Variation of the 18S rRNA gene allowed the identification of 9 new T. equi genotypes in the geographical region studied.

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“…Within South America, the disease is readily identified in all regions, except for the southernmost areas of Chile and Argentina (WISE et al, 2013). In Brazil, previous studies using serological methods have shown that equine piroplasmosis is endemic, with prevalence rates varying from 19.4% to 100% (KERBER et al, 1999;HEIM et al, 2007;KERBER et al, 2009;BALDANI et al, 2010;SANTOS et al, 2011;MACHADO et al, 2012;TORRES et al, 2012;VIEIRA et al, 2013;PROCHNO et al, 2014;FERREIRA et al, 2016;GUIMARÃES et al, 2016;BRAGA et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the endemicity of piroplasmosis among equids in Brazil, studies involving the molecular detection of the parasite in carrier animals (HEIM et al, 2007;BALDANI et al, 2010;PECKLE et al, 2013;MACHADO et al, 2012;BARROS et al, 2015;FERREIRA et al, 2016;BRAGA et al, 2017) that have also examined genetic diversity (BRAGA et al, 2017;PECKLE et al, 2018) are scarce. The aim of this study is to survey the distribution of piroplasmid (T. equi and B. caballi) parasites using molecular methods in equids from the Mato Grosso state and evaluate the interspecific genetic diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular survey and genetic diversity of piroplasmids in equids from Midwestern Brazil

Schein

Maia

Witter

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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We evaluated the distribution of piroplasmids in equids from the Mato Grosso state in Midwestern Brazil using molecular methods and the interspecific genetic diversity. For this, 1,624 blood samples of equids from 973 farms were examined by PCR, using primer pairs that amplify a fragment of the genes rap-1 and ema-1 of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, respectively. For molecular characterization and phylogenetic studies, 13 and 60 sequences of the rap-1 and ema-1 genes, respectively, were used to build a dendogram using maximum parsimony. B. caballi and T. equi were detected in 4.11% and 28.16% of the farms, respectively, and molecular prevalence was 2.74% for B. caballi and 25.91% for T. equi. The location of the farms and animals raised in the Pantanal ecoregion influence the probability of equids testing positive for B. caballi and T. equi . Moreover, age and herd purpose were variables significantly associated with T . equi infection. The sequences of B. caballi presented 1.95% intraspecific variability, contrasting with 2.99% in T. equi. Dendrograms for both species demonstrated the presence of subgroups with high values of support of branches. However, it is not possible to associate these groups with geographic origin and/or ecoregion.

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Serological and molecular detection of Theileria equi in sport horses of northeastern Brazil

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Serological detection and risk factors for equine piroplasmosis in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil

Serological detection and risk factors for equine piroplasmosis in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil

Serological detection and molecular characterization of piroplasmids in equids in Brazil

Molecular survey and genetic diversity of piroplasmids in equids from Midwestern Brazil

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