Serological and Molecular Investigation of Brucellosis in Breeding Equids in Pakistani Punjab

Infectious Disease Reports

Shehzad

et al. 2021

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Brucellosis is one of the most notorious zoonoses worldwide. The disease is common and endemic in humans and animals of Pakistan, but lack of awareness and lack of research have resulted in an increased incidence in the human population. The present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and at molecular detection of brucellosis in patients with clinical symptoms in six different hospitals from Lahore, which is the capital city of Punjab province. A total of 218 blood samples were collected from hospitalized patients. The samples were initially screened by the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), and then quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied. An overall seroprevalence of 17% (37/218) was found. The highest prevalence was found at the Lady Health center (36.53%), which was followed by the Lady Willingdon Hospital (28.6%). Female patients showed a higher seroprevalence than males and peaked at 34% (n = 32) for women who suffered from abortion. In total, 16.8% of patients younger than 30 years showed seropositive reactions, while the prevalence was 19% in patients between 31 and 50. Thirty-three DNA samples from 24 seropositive and nine seronegative patients tested positive, 32 samples were found positive for B. abortus DNA, and one sample failed to be identified at the species level. Almost all positive cases had direct contact with animals and consumed unpasteurized dairy products. Research on human brucellosis is still scarce in Pakistan. For the diagnosis of brucellosis, serology and molecular tools should be combined if isolation by culture is not possible. Nationwide control activities and increasing awareness for zoonotic brucellosis are needed.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Molecular Detection of Brucellosis in Hospitalized Patients in Lahore Hospitals, Pakistan

Yousaf

Infectious Disease Reports

Shehzad

et al. 2021

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“…Previously, 21.4% prevalence by RBPT of brucellosis and 3.56% by ELISA in equine animals kept in different districts of Punjab province, Pakistan, have been recorded [ 23 ]. In our study, no significant difference was recorded in the prevalence of disease based on different age groups of cattle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We drew 5 mL of blood from the jugular vein of all the study animals separately. According to previous procedures, all the serum samples were subjected to RBPT and ELISA to detect brucellosis [ 23 , 47 ]. We used an automated hematology analyzer for hematology.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brucella is commonly transmitted to humans by consuming raw milk and its products (milk cream, butter, and fresh cheese) or through contact with contaminated material. In Pakistan, work has been reported on the seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle [ 14 , 15 ], buffaloes [ 16 ], camels [ 17 ], dogs [ 18 ], equines [ 19 – 23 ], humans [ 13 , 24 , 25 ], and sheep and goats [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Hematological, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Profile in Cattle Infected with Brucellosis in Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Hussain

BioMed Research International

Jamal

et al. 2022

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Brucellosis is a well-known and harmful zoonotic disease that poses a severe threat to public health and wild and dairy animals. Due to a lack of monitoring and awareness, disease incidence has increased. Therefore, this study was conducted for the first time to ascertain the status of seroprevalence of brucellosis, hematological, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzymes in different breeds of cattle reared under tropical-desert conditions in Pakistan. This study comprised 570 cattle of different breeds. We recorded some epidemiological traits, including age and gender. The blood samples were obtained from all the cattle, screened with RBPT, and then confirmed by ELISA and PCR. The results recorded an overall 11.75%, 10.7%, and 9.64% prevalence of brucellosis based on RBPT, ELISA, and PCR. We obtained nonsignificant results in different age and sex groups of cattle. The results showed significantly ( P ≤ 0.05 ) lower values of erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin quantity, hematocrit, lymphocytes, and monocytes in infected cases. The results showed that the total leukocyte and neutrophil cells significantly ( P ≤ 0.05 ) increased. The lipid peroxidation parameters (MDA- and NO-scavenging activity of erythrocyte) increased significantly ( P ≤ 0.05 ) in infected cattle, whereas significantly reduced antioxidant enzymes like SOD, RGSH, and CAT were. Similarly, significantly lower serum albumin levels and total serum proteins were recorded in infected cattle.

“…So far, B. melitensis has been confirmed only by real-time PCR in cattle and buffaloes but not by isolation (62). In addition, B. abortus has been diagnosed only by real-time PCR in sheep and goats, horses, camels, and dogs without confirmation by isolates (32,36,69,72). In addition, in wildlife, only anti-smooth-lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Brucella (B. abortus and B. melitensis) antibodies have been reported without any PCR-based detection (73).…”

Section: Brucellosis In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal and Human Brucellosis in Pakistan

Jamil

Saqib

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease that affects many animal species and can be transmitted to humans via direct contact or via contaminated food. Although brucellosis is a serious health hazard, its public health concern has been neglected in many countries. In some developing countries, such as Pakistan, where brucellosis is endemic, this disease continues to be of importance. A literature search for the past 11 years (2011–2021) provided a comprehensive insight into brucellosis in Pakistan. In this review, particular emphasis was placed on occurrence, diagnostic tests used, and prevention, treatment, and control in the context of the “One Health” approach.