Serological evaluation of possible exposure to Ljungan virus and related parechovirus in autoimmune (type 1) diabetes in children

Nilsson, A-L; Vaziri-Sani, Fariba; Broberg, Per; Elfaitouri, Amal; Pipkorn, Rüdiger; Blomberg, Jonas; Ivarsson, Sten-Anders; Larsson, Helena; Lernmark, Åke

doi:10.1002/jmv.24127

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…LV has been associated with several human diseases [26,[28][29][30][31], and causes symptoms in laboratory mice [28], but LV has yet to be isolated from humans or proven a causative agent of disease. High seroprevalence (36%, 38%) to LV has recently been detected in humans in Finland [15], indicating a fairly high exposure to LV and/or to an antigenically-related virus in early childhood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis, Ljungan and orthopoxvirus seroconversions in patients hospitalized due to acute Puumala hantavirus infection

Fevola

Forbes

Mäkelä

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical Virology

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a b s t r a c tBackground: The emergence and re-emergence of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases are increasing in Europe. Prominent rodent-borne zoonotic viruses include Puumala hantavirus (PUUV; the causative agent of nephropathia epidemica, NE), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), and orthopoxviruses (OPV). In addition, Ljungan virus (LV) is considered a potentially zoonotic virus. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare clinical picture between acute PUUV patients with and without additional rodent-borne viral infections, to investigate if concurrent infections influence disease severity. Study design: We evaluated seroprevalence of and seroconversions to LCMV, LV and OPV in 116 patients hospitalized for NE. Clinical and laboratory variables were closely monitored during hospital care. Results: A total of five LCMV, 15 LV, and one OPV seroconversions occurred. NE patients with LCMV seroconversions were younger, and had lower plasma creatinine concentrations and platelet counts than patients without LCMV seroconversions. No differences occurred in clinical or laboratory findings between patients with and without seroconversions to LV and OPV. We report, for the first time, LCMV seroprevalence in Finland, with 8.5% of NE patients seropositive for this virus. Seroprevalences for LV and OPV were 47.8% and 32.4%, respectively. Conclusion: Cases with LCMV seroconversions were statistically younger, had milder acute kidney injury and more severe thrombocytopenia than patients without LCMV. However, the low number of seroconversion cases precludes firm conclusions. Concurrent LV or OPV infections do not appear to influence clinical picture for NE patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis, Ljungan and orthopoxvirus seroconversions in patients hospitalized due to acute Puumala hantavirus infection

Fevola

Forbes

Mäkelä

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…In humans, previous studies on Swedish children and young adults (0–18 years old) indicate that children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes had higher levels of LVA than healthy controls, suggesting that LV could possibly contribute to type 1 diabetes in humans [Nilsson et al, , , ]. These studies also implied that LVA levels were higher in young children and that the incidence of type 1 diabetes seemed to co‐vary with subjects with high LVA levels [Nilsson et al, , , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The etiology of type 1 diabetes is not clarified but virus infections remain a possible trigger of islet autoimmunity [Tauriainen et al, 2011]. It has previously been suggested that Ljungan virus (LV), which is carried by bank voles (Myodes glareolus) may be associated with type 1 diabetes [Niklasson et al, 2003b;Nilsson et al, 2009Nilsson et al, , 2013Nilsson et al, , 2015. Zoonotic agents have in common that one or more animal species function as a reservoir during at least some part of the life cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Islet autoantibodies present in association with Ljungan virus infection in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in northern Sweden

Warvsten

Björnfors

Arvidsson

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Virology

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Bank voles are known reservoirs for Puumala hantavirus and probably also for Ljungan virus (LV), a suggested candidate parechovirus in type 1 diabetes etiology and pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine whether wild bank voles had been exposed to LV and if exposure associated to autoantibodies against insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA), or islet autoantigen-2 (IA-2A). Serum samples from bank voles (Myodes glareolus) captured in early summer or early winter of 1997 and 1998, respectively, were analyzed in radio binding assays for antibodies against Ljungan virus (LVA) and Puumala virus (PUUVA) as well as for IAA, GADA, and IA-2A. LVA was found in 25% (189/752), IAA in 2.5% (18/723), GADA in 2.6% (15/615), and IA-2A in 2.5% (11/461) of available bank vole samples. LVA correlated with both IAA (P = 0.007) and GADA (P < 0.001), but not with IA-2A (P = 0.999). There were no correlations with PUUVA, detected in 17% of the bank voles. Compared to LVA negative bank voles, LVA positive animals had higher levels of both IAA (P = 0.002) and GADA (P < 0.001), but not of IA-2A (P = 0.205). Levels of LVA as well as IAA and GADA were higher in samples from bank voles captured in early summer. In conclusion, LVA was detected in bank voles and correlated with both IAA and GADA but not with IA-2A. These observations suggest that exposure to LV may be associated with islet autoimmunity. It remains to be determined if islet autoantibody positive bank voles may develop diabetes in the wild. J. Med. Virol. 89:24-31, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Ljungan virus has also been identified in several other species of voles, lemmings as well as yellow‐neck mouse (Apodemus), a hamster relative . Particular attention was paid when an epidemiological association between the periodic increase in number of lemmings and similar variation in incidence of T1D the following years, and antibodies to the virus were found to be quite common in diabetic children . It has been suggested that LV is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes in BB‐rats .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pet exposure in the family during pregnancy and risk for type 1 diabetes-The prospective ABIS study

Faresjö

Ludvigsson

2018

Pediatr Diabetes

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Serological evaluation of possible exposure to Ljungan virus and related parechovirus in autoimmune (type 1) diabetes in children

Abstract: Exposure to Ljungan virus (LV) is implicated in the risk

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis, Ljungan and orthopoxvirus seroconversions in patients hospitalized due to acute Puumala hantavirus infection

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis, Ljungan and orthopoxvirus seroconversions in patients hospitalized due to acute Puumala hantavirus infection

Islet autoantibodies present in association with Ljungan virus infection in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in northern Sweden

Pet exposure in the family during pregnancy and risk for type 1 diabetes-The prospective ABIS study

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