Serological evidence of avian encephalomyelitis virus and Pasteurella multocida infections in free-range indigenous chickens in Southern Mozambique

Taunde, Paula Augusto; Timbe, Palmira; Lucas, Ana Felicidade; Tchamo, Cesaltina da Conceição Lopes Menete; Chilundo, Abel; Anjos, Filomena Dos; Costa, Rosa; Bila, Custódio Gabriel

doi:10.1007/s11250-017-1304-x

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has also been reported in songbirds of the Paridae family (192), wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in the Southeastern United States (193), and rock pigeons (Columba livia) in Turkey (194). Corvids appear to be particularly susceptible to infection with avian reovirus (195), a poultry pathogen also commonly detected in backyard chickens (112,196). In addition, two dieoffs of American Woodcocks (Scolopax minor) were attributed to the virus (197).…”

Section: Pathogen Transmission To Wild Birdsmentioning

confidence: 87%

A Review of Pathogen Transmission at the Backyard Chicken–Wild Bird Interface

2020

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Habitat conversion and the expansion of domesticated, invasive species into native habitats are increasingly recognized as drivers of pathogen emergence at the agricultural-wildlife interface. Poultry agriculture is one of the largest subsets of this interface, and pathogen spillover events between backyard chickens and wild birds are becoming more commonly reported. Native wild bird species are under numerous anthropogenic pressures, but the risks of pathogen spillover from domestic chickens have been historically underappreciated as a threat to wild birds. Now that the backyard chicken industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world, it is imperative that the principles of biosecurity, specifically bioexclusion and biocontainment, are legislated and implemented. We reviewed the literature on spillover events of pathogens historically associated with poultry into wild birds. We also reviewed the reasons for biosecurity failures in backyard flocks that lead to those spillover events and provide recommendations for current and future backyard flock owners.

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Section: Pathogen Transmission To Wild Birdsmentioning

confidence: 87%

A Review of Pathogen Transmission at the Backyard Chicken–Wild Bird Interface

2020

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“…It has been reported that AEV is constantly present in the poultry industry, and the most effective way to prevent AEV infection is vaccination of flocks [7,10,19,20]. AEV vaccination is usually performed by administering a live, embryo-propagated virus by the natural route of infection in drinking water or by wing-web inoculation with an AEV strain of low pathogenicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the efficacy of a live vaccine against avian encephalomyelitis virus

Lin

et al. 2018

Arch Virol

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Avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) causes typical neurological symptoms in young chicks and a transient drop in egg production and hatchability in adult laying birds, resulting in huge economic losses in the poultry industry. An effective way to control and prevent this disease is vaccination of the flocks. Here, we assessed the efficacy of the live vaccine candidate strain GDt29 against avian encephalomyelitis virus. The GDt29 strain has low virulence, was confirmed safe, and showed no signs of pathogenicity. High titers of AEV-specific antibodies were detected in GDt29-vaccinated hens (S/P > 3.0) and their progeny (S/P > 2.0). Moreover, the eggs of GDt29-vaccinated hens with high levels of maternal antibodies were hatched successfully regardless of challenge with a heterologous AEV strain, and the GDt29 attenuated vaccine showed higher protective efficacy against AEV than the commercial vaccine. Furthermore, contact-exposed chicks bred with GDt29-vaccinated birds generated high titers against AE virus (S/P > 2.8). Collectively, our studies are proof of the principle that GDt29 might be an ideal vaccine candidate to prevent AEV infection, and they highlight the utility of using a live vaccine against AEV.

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“…Other laboratory techniques used to diagnose AEV in chickens include realtime polymerase chain reaction using primers targeting the VP2 region of the viral genome [14]. Several serological surveillance studies revealed seroconversion to AEV in chickens in Nigeria, China, and Southern Mozambique [15][16][17]. Interestingly, the prevalence of AEV in the Gulf region and Middle East is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian encephalomyelitis virus in backyard chickens

Al-Mubarak,

Hussen,

Kandee

et al. 2023

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Avian viral diseases usually cause high economic losses because of high morbidity and mortality and poor growth. The rearing of chickens in backyards could have an important role in the spread of certain diseases, particularly those of viral origin. Infected birds might be prone to many viral infections for several reasons, including a lack of vaccination programs, the mixing of different bird species in the same location, and the close interactions of these birds with wild and migratory birds carrying various pathogens. This study aimed to conduct serological surveillance of avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) in some backyard chickens in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Serum samples (n = 368) were collected from domestic chickens reared in 10 backyards in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. None of the domestic birds in these 10 backyards were vaccinated against the virus. In addition, 78 serum samples were collected from free-ranging birds belonging to Columbidae, such as pigeons and doves, in common areas near the domestic backyards. We tested these sera for specific antibodies against AEV. Results: Our results revealed seroconversion to AEV among the examined chickens (14.6%). None of the tested pigeons and doves displayed seroconversion to AEV. Conclusion: Seroconversion of these non-vaccinated birds against AEV was suggestive of a recent natural infection by this virus. Further studies with a large number of birds are required to molecularly characterize the circulating strains of this virus in this area. Keywords: antibody, avian encephalomyelitis virus, backyard, chicken, encephalomyelitis virus, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, seroprevalence, the prevalence, wild birds.

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Serological evidence of avian encephalomyelitis virus and Pasteurella multocida infections in free-range indigenous chickens in Southern Mozambique

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

A Review of Pathogen Transmission at the Backyard Chicken–Wild Bird Interface

A Review of Pathogen Transmission at the Backyard Chicken–Wild Bird Interface

Assessing the efficacy of a live vaccine against avian encephalomyelitis virus

Avian encephalomyelitis virus in backyard chickens

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