Serological Evidence of Lyssaviruses among Bats on Southwestern Indian Ocean Islands

Mélade, Julien; McCulloch, Stewart D.; Ramasindrazana, Beza; Lagadec, Erwan; Turpin, Magali; Pascalis, Hervé; Goodman, Steven M.; Markotter, Wanda; Dellagi, Koussay

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160553

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This study identified seven LBV-, 19 DUVV-, and 2 EBLV-1-positive sera samples collected from different bat species within the island. On the contrary, real-time RT-PCR could not amplify lyssavirus sequences from the bat samples and hence failed to document an active infection [41].…”

Section: Mauritiusmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In this study, only two bat sera samples were positive for LBV seroprevalence while two other sera were positive for DUVV prevalence out of eight samples that were tested. None of the samples were positive for lyssavirus RNA by real-time RT-PCR [41]. Many other viruses (Ebola, coronavirus, rabies, etc.)…”

Section: Comoros Islandmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The RNA samples were also screened for lyssavirus prevalence, but all were negative with real-time RT-PCR. Past exposure of bats to the lyssavirus was identified, hence any human-bat interaction may put humans at risk of disease transmission [41].…”

Section: Comoros Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three bats were found seropositive for LBV while 14 sera samples were positive for DUVV and nine samples were positive for EBLV-1. Interestingly, all RNA samples were negative with real-time RT-PCR for lyssavirus [41], which suggested a past exposure to these viruses but no active infection.…”

Section: La Reunionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…None of the samples were positive for lyssavirus RNA through real-time RT-PCR. Since bats are a reservoir for several zoonotic viruses, the trade of bats for bushmeat in the region puts the human population at risk of zoonotic virus transmission [41].…”

Section: Madagascarmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

et al. 2020

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Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases are of great public health concern. The recent emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 in China, which causes COVID-19 disease in humans, and its current spread to several countries, leading to the first pandemic in history to be caused by a coronavirus, highlights the significance of zoonotic viral diseases. Rift Valley fever, rabies, West Nile, chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola, and influenza viruses among many other viruses have been reported from different African countries. The paucity of information, lack of knowledge, limited resources, and climate change, coupled with cultural traditions make the African continent a hotspot for vector-borne and zoonotic viral diseases, which may spread globally. Currently, there is no information available on the status of virus diseases in Africa. This systematic review highlights the available information about viral diseases, including zoonotic and vector-borne diseases, reported in Africa. The findings will help us understand the trend of emerging and re-emerging virus diseases within the African continent. The findings recommend active surveillance of viral diseases and strict implementation of One Health measures in Africa to improve human public health and reduce the possibility of potential pandemics due to zoonotic viruses.

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Section: Mauritiusmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Comoros Islandmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Comoros Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: La Reunionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Madagascarmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

et al. 2020

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Rhabdoviruses

Jennings

Marston

Banyard

et al. 2017

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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The family Rhabdoviridae is classified within the order Mononegavirales and is made up of 18 different genera and one other virus awaiting classification into this family. Generally, Rhabdovirus virions contain a nonsegmented negative‐sense single‐stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) genome that, in its most basic form, encodes five proteins: the nucleocapsid protein (N), the phosphoprotein (P), the matrix protein (M), the glycoprotein (G) and the RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase protein (L). All Rhabdoviruses have a distinctive bullet‐shaped morphology; however, two recently recognised genera have been shown to contain viruses with bipartite genomes. This diverse group of over 165 viruses can infect a range of species including mammals, reptiles, birds, fish, insects and plants. Several of these viruses cause notable economic losses to both the agriculture and aquaculture sector. However, only the lyssaviruses and the vesiculoviruses are able to infect both animals and humans to cause clinical disease, with rabies virus being the most important human pathogen. Key Concepts Only the lyssaviruses and the vesiculoviruses are able to infect both animals and humans to cause clinical disease. Rabies is the most notable human pathogen and is one of the most deadly infectious diseases known with a case‐fatality rate approaching 100%. Virions are bullet‐shaped and consist of an envelope, covered with peplomers surrounding a helically coiled cylindrical nucleocapsid. The genome of the majority of Rhabdoviruses consists of a single molecule of linear negative‐sense single‐stranded RNA, 13–16 kb in size. Dichorhaviruse s and Varicosaviruses are newly described rhabdoviruses that lack an envelope and have bipartite genomes. The Rhabdoviridae are a diverse group of highly adaptable viruses with a broad host range. All Rhabdoviruses have non‐Latinised binomial species names to indicate that genus the species belongs to and to facilitate differentiation between virus names and their taxonomic species name.

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