Serological Identification of Infection by Equine Arteritis Virus in Horses of Several Countries1

McCollum, William H.; Bryans, J T

doi:10.1159/000393539

Cited by 36 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…In addition to these earlier studies, the observation of a varying clinical picture between infectious outbreaks (Clayton, 1987;Doll et al, 1957;McCollum & Bryans, 1973), and persistent semen shedding of virus amongst some seropositive stallions (Neu et al, 1988;Timoney et al, 1986), have indicated that variation may exist between viruses. Direct nucleotide sequence comparisons show substitutions in the M and N genes and allow EAV strains to be distinguished.…”

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confidence: 93%

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Comparison of M and N gene sequences distinguishes variation amongst equine arteritis virus isolates

Chirnside

Wearing

Binns

et al. 1994

Journal of General Virology

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cDNA copies of the M and N genes of equine arteritis virus (EAV) isolates were synthesized by reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction amplification. The cDNA was subjected to a cycle sequencing strategy using Taq polymerase, and the nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences of 10 virus isolates were compared. The M and N genes of all isolates had the same initiation and termination sites as the prototype

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confidence: 93%

“…Serological studies have provided evidence of global distribution of EAV infection (Huntingdon et al, 1990;Kaaden et al, 1989;McCollum & Bryans, 1973;McKenzie, 1988;Moraillon & Moraillon, 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of M and N gene sequences distinguishes variation amongst equine arteritis virus isolates

Chirnside

Wearing

Binns

et al. 1994

Journal of General Virology

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“…Seroepidemiological surveys indicate that the virus is widespread in the horse population (23,34,36), but it only rarely causes disease. A single serotype has been recognized (37), and little genetic variation appears to exist among different EAV isolates (6,38).…”

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confidence: 99%

The structural proteins of equine arteritis virus

1976

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We have recently shown that the genome of equine arteritis virus (EAV) contains seven open reading frames (ORFs). We now present data on the structural proteins of EAV and the assignment of their respective genes.Virions are composed of a 14-kDa nucleocapsid protein (N) and three membrane proteins designated M, Gs, and GL. M is an unglycosylated protein of 16 kDa, and GS and GL are N-glycosylated proteins of 25 and 30 to 42 kDa, respectively. The broad size distribution of GL results from heterogeneous N-acetyllactosamine addition since it is susceptible to digestion by endo-o-galactosidase. Using monospecific antisera as well as an antivirion serum, and by expression of individual ORFs, the genes for the structural proteins were identified: ORF 7 codes for N, ORF 6 for M, ORF 5 for GL, and ORF 2 for GS. With the exception of GS, the proteins are about equally abundant in EAV virions, being present at a molar ratio of 3 (N):2 (M):3 (GL). The GS protein, which is expressed at a level similar to that of M in infected cells, is strikingly underrepresented in virus particles (1 to 2%). Our data justify a distinct taxonomic position for EAV, together with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus and simian hemorrhagic fever virus; although coronavirus-and toroviruslike in features of transcription and translation, the virion architecture of EAV is fundamentally different.

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“…The seroprevalence of EAV infection can vary among horses of different breeds (Hullinger et al, 2001;McCollum & Bryans, 1973;McCue et al, 1991;Timoney & McCollum, 1993). The 1998 National Animal Health Monitoring System's equine survey showed that only 0.6 % of the Quarter Horse population was seropositive to EAV (NAHMS, 2000), indicating that the American Quarter Horse population was essentially totally naïve with respect to prior contact with EAV and, therefore, fully susceptible should future exposure to infection occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology and genetic characterization of equine arteritis virus isolates associated with the 2006-2007 multi-state disease occurrence in the USA

Zhang

Timoney

Shuck

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

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In 2006-2007, equine viral arteritis (EVA) was confirmed for the first time in Quarter Horses in multiple states in the USA. The entire genome of an equine arteritis virus (EAV) isolate from the index premises in New Mexico was 12 731 nt in length and possessed a previously unrecorded unique 15 nt insertion in the nsp2-coding region in ORF1a and a 12 nt insertion in ORF3. Sequence analysis of additional isolates made during this disease occurrence revealed that all isolates from New Mexico, Utah, Kansas, Oklahoma and Idaho had 98.6-100.0 % (nsp2) and 97.8-100 % (ORF3) nucleotide identity and contained the unique insertions in nsp2 and ORF3, indicating that the EVA outbreaks in these states probably originated from the same strain of EAV.

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Serological Identification of Infection by Equine Arteritis Virus in Horses of Several Countries1

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of M and N gene sequences distinguishes variation amongst equine arteritis virus isolates

Comparison of M and N gene sequences distinguishes variation amongst equine arteritis virus isolates

The structural proteins of equine arteritis virus

Molecular epidemiology and genetic characterization of equine arteritis virus isolates associated with the 2006-2007 multi-state disease occurrence in the USA

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