Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients undergoing hemodialysis and healthy group

Kahvaz, Mehdi Sagha; Soltani, Shahrzad; Maghsoudi, Fatemeh; Foroutan, Masoud

doi:10.1186/s13104-020-05396-5

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Each subject filled out a structured questionnaire containing demographic information, including age range, source of drinking water, place of residence, consumption of raw/undercooked meat, education level, contact with cat, reason for referral to hospital, and history of abortion. This questionnaire was developed and accomplished, as earlier described (20,24,25).…”

Section: Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Among Pregnant Women in Southwest Iran

et al. 2021

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Background: Acute Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy period can cause congenital toxoplasmosis. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence rate of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies against T. gondii infection during pregnancy and the associated risk factors in southwest Iran. Methods: This study was performed on 88 pregnant women from October to December 2019 in Khorramshahr County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies were tested through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: Following serological assays, 38.63% (34/88) and 2.27% (2/88) serum samples were positive for IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively. Also, a statistically significant association was observed between IgG seroprevalence and drinking of unpurified water (P = 0.015). Conclusions: The serological evidence revealed that pregnant women of southwest Iran had moderate exposure to T. gondii parasite. Since the risk of acquiring acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women is clinically important, we highly recommend regular screening tests for T. gondii infection during pregnancy period.

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Section: Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Among Pregnant Women in Southwest Iran

et al. 2021

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“…It is endemic in most parts of the world, especially in warm and humid areas. More than 30% of the human population is infected, with seropositivity rates ranging from 10% to 90% (Dubey and Jones, 2008;Pappas et al, 2009;Oliveira et al, 2020;Shahrzad et al, 2020). As toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic disease, about 80% of primary infections are asymptomatic due to the effective control by the host immune system, showing up only as a transient illness featuring lymphadenopathy, fever, fatigue, and headache (Griffin and Williams, 1983;Machala et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Among High-Risk Populations in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China

Mao

Yang

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Toxoplasma gondii, an opportunistic protozoan, infects one-third of people worldwide and could lead to serious outcomes in immunodeficient or immunocompromised populations. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for T. gondii infection among high-risk populations in Jiangsu Province, eastern China. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 4 categories of populations in 13 prefectures including HIV/AIDS patients, livestock breeding/processing (B/P) staff, pregnant women, and cancer patients. We detected specific immunoglobulin G and M (IgG and IgM) levels for each participant using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and asked to complete a questionnaire for each participant that covered sociodemographic information as well as the basic knowledge of attitudes toward and the practices for the prevention of toxoplasmosis. A total of 5231 participants distributed across 13 prefecture-level cities was surveyed, including 2455 males and 2776 females. Total seropositivity rate in each population category was as follows: 9.08% (HIV/AIDS patients), 11.65% (livestock B/P staff), 5.50% (pregnant women), and 12.89% (cancer patients). We detected IgM positivity in HIV/AIDS patients (0.47%, 6/1289), livestock B/P staff (0.08%, 1/1330), and cancer patients (0.46%, 6/1303) but not in pregnant women. Further, we detected IgM+IgG positivity only in cancer patients (0.31%, 4/1303). The seropositivity rate for pregnant women was significantly lower, while cancer patients were significantly higher. Higher educational levels were associated with lower seropositivity rates for T. gondii infection. High seropositivity rates were associated with long period of HIV infection among HIV/AIDS patients, frequent contact with livestock among livestock breeding/processing staff and male older patients among cancer patients, respectively. Analysis of practices across all participants showed that frequent contact with pets in everyday life or using the same cutting board for both raw and cooked foods leads to higher seropositivity rates. Therefore, we obtained the seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasmosis among high-risk populations in Jiangsu Province which could provide evidence for the implementation of control measures in the near future.

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“…However, in individuals with immunodeficiency, such as HIV patients and transplant recipients, it can be a life-threatening condition, causing eye and brain lesions. On the other hand, reactivation of a latent infection may cause severe complications with a poor prognosis [ 4 , 7 , 8 ]. Besides, infections during pregnancy can cause congenital toxoplasmosis in the fetus, resulting in spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, hydrocephalus, microcephaly, and neurological symptoms that can be detected in the uterus or at birth [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Acute and Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Women with History of Abortion in the Southwest of Iran

Saki

Zamanpour

Najafian

et al. 2021

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Background. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is one of the most common intracellular protozoan parasites, which can infect humans and a wide range of mammals and birds. The current study is aimed at investigating the occurrence of T. gondii infection in women with a history of abortion in Khuzestan, Iran. Materials and Methods. A total of 480 women with an abortion history, as well as 200 pregnant women with a normal delivery, were examined in this study. The blood, placenta, and umbilical cord blood samples were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results. Based on the results of ELISA assay, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 30.83% in women with a history of abortion (25.62% with T. gondii IgG and 5.20% with T. gondii IgM). According to the IgG avidity test, 60.16% of IgG-positive samples showed high avidity, while 27.64% showed low avidity. On the other hand, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in women with a normal delivery was 23% (21.5% with T. gondii IgG and 1.5% with T. gondii IgM). According to the IgG avidity test, 81.39% of these women showed high avidity, while only 4.65% showed low avidity. Based on the nested-PCR method, T. gondii DNA was detected in 14.18% of blood samples, 4.69% of placental samples, and 1.34% of umbilical cord samples, collected from 148 seropositive women with a history of abortion. Besides, using this method, the parasite DNA was identified in 4.34% of blood samples, collected from 46 seropositive women with a normal delivery, but not in any of the umbilical cord or placenta samples. Conclusion. The present results showed that T. gondii infection contributes to abortion in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Therefore, it is essential to investigate toxoplasmosis in pregnant women, especially in those who are seronegative, using molecular and serological methods and inform them about their disease and the associated risks.

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Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients undergoing hemodialysis and healthy group

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Among Pregnant Women in Southwest Iran

Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Among Pregnant Women in Southwest Iran

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Among High-Risk Populations in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China

Detection of Acute and Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Women with History of Abortion in the Southwest of Iran

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