Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Taenia solium Cysticercosis in Rural Pigs of Northern Peru

Abstract

Taenia solium is a cestode parasite that causes cysticercosis in both humans and pigs. A serological survey was undertaken to assess the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with porcine cysticercosis in the rural district of Morropon, Peru. Pigs aged between 2 and 60 months were assessed by the Enzyme-linked Immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) assay to determine their serological status against porcine cysticercosis in a cross-sectional study. A total of 1,153 pigs were sampled. Porcine seroprevalence was 45.19% (42.31–48.06). The information about the animals and households was analyzed and risk factors associated with seroprevalence were determined by a multivariate logistic regression analysis. In the porcine population, the risk of being seropositive increased by 7% with every month of age (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.05–1.09), and by 148% for pigs living in East Morropon (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.82–3.37). Whereas, the presence of latrines in a household decreased the risk of being seropositive by 49% (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.39–0.67). Sex and rearing system did not represent either risk or protective factors associated with the seroprevalence of porcine cysticercosis. The findings of this study could be used for further development of control programs that might focus on similar population groups within rural communities of developing countries where cysticercosis is endemic.

Overview of Taenia solium cysticercosis in West Africa

“…During this period, all animals (previously infected or otherwise) are protected against new T. solium infection by the vaccine. A smilar result was obtained in a field trial conducted in Peru (Jayashi et al, 2012).…”

“…Serological tests for the detection of specific antibodies or specific antigens use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electro-immuno transfer blot (EITB) (Lightowlers et al, 2016). Most of the few serological studies of pigs in West Africa have used B158/B160 Ag-ELISA (Secka et al, 2010a;Ganaba et al, 2011) and studies of Weka et al (2009) (Jayashi et al, 2012;Devleesschauwer et al 2013;Lightowlers et al, 2016). Moreover, false positive or transient positive reactions might arise from exposure to T. solium eggs that did not develop to cysticerci to be detected at carcass inspection (Lightowlers et al, 2016).…”

Prevalence and risk factors for porcine cysticercosis in rural communities of eastern Minas Gerais, Brazil

“…However, despite the reported knowledge, we noticed clear the absence of information on the paths of infection and transmission of disease. This lack of knowledge may contribute to the persistence of porcine cysticercosis at households (Jayashi et al 2012). Ferreira et al (2012) observed that the lack of knowledge significantly favours the occurrence of porcine cysticercosis.…”

Priorización para el desarrollo de guías de práctica clínica en el Seguro Social de Salud del Perú (EsSalud): análisis multicriterio

“…El país tiene diferentes regiones naturales, cada una con un perfil epidemiológico diferente. Por ejemplo, en la zona central del país hasta el 13,7% de la población puede tener serología positiva para cisticercosis 13 . Esta es una enfermedad de carácter regional y que afecta usualmente a poblaciones de bajos recursos.…”