Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Possibly Associated with Emerging Zoonotic Vaccinia Virus in a Farming Community, Colombia

Styczynski, Ashley; Burgado, Jillybeth; Walteros, Diana Marcela; Usme-Ciro, José A.; Laiton, Katherine; Farías, Alejandra; Nakazawa, Yoshinori; Chapman, Chris; Davidson, Whitni; Mauldin, Matthew R.; Morgan, Clint N.; Martínez-Cerón, Juan; Patiña, Edilson; L, Sepulveda; Torres, Claudia Patricia; Suarez, Anyely Eliana Cruz; Olaya, Gina Paez; Riveros, C.E.; Lopez, Leydi Acosta; Espinosa, Daniela Gomez; Lozada, Faiber Antonio Gutierrez; Yu, Li; Satheshkumar, Panayampalli S.; Reynolds, Mary G.; Gracia-Romero, Martha; Petersen, Brett W.

doi:10.3201/eid2512.181114

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the past few years, the occurrence of VACV has been reported for the first time in history in Brazil's neighboring countries. The current epidemiological scenario shows the circulation of VACV in an extensive area of the Brazilian territory and other South American countries such as Argentina, Uruguay, and Colombia (Figure 1) [17,[24][25][26][27][28]. Outbreaks and/or VACV occurrences have been recorded in 11 Brazilian states over these 20 years [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: The Main Areas Of Br-vacv Endemicity and The Epidemiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past few years, the occurrence of VACV has been reported for the first time in history in Brazil’s neighboring countries. The current epidemiological scenario shows the circulation of VACV in an extensive area of the Brazilian territory and other South American countries such as Argentina, Uruguay, and Colombia ( Figure 1 ) [ 17 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: The Main Areas Of Br-vacv Endemicity and The Epidemiological Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, there are more and more immunosuppressed individuals in a society due to chronic and acquired conditions, whose exposure to VACV could evolve into a severe form of infection. Furthermore, the potential establishment of the virus in urban domesticated animals can contribute significantly to the maintenance of an urban cycle [ 17 , 27 , 78 , 79 ]. Hence, further studies are necessary to better understand the potential entry of VACV into the urban environment.…”

Section: Classic Transmission and Alternative Routes For Zoonotic Br-vacv Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Twenty Years after Bovine Vaccinia in Brazil: Where We Are and Where Are We Going?

et al. 2021

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Orthopoxvirus (OPV) infections have been present in human life for hundreds of years. It is known that Variola virus (VARV) killed over 300 million people in the past; however, it had an end thanks to the physician Edward Jenner (who developed the first vaccine in history) and also thanks to a massive vaccination program in the 20th century all over the world. Although the first vaccine was created using the Cowpox virus (CPXV), it turned out later that the Vaccinia virus was the one used during the vaccination program. VACV is the etiological agent of bovine vaccinia (BV), a zoonotic disease that has emerged in Brazil and South America in the last 20 years. BV has a great impact on local dairy economies and is also a burden to public health. In this review, we described the main events related to VACV and BV emergence in Brazil and South America, the increase of related scientific studies, and the issues that science, human and animal medicine are going to face if we do not be on guard to this virus and its disease.

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Section: The Main Areas Of Br-vacv Endemicity and The Epidemiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Main Areas Of Br-vacv Endemicity and The Epidemiological Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Classic Transmission and Alternative Routes For Zoonotic Br-vacv Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Twenty Years after Bovine Vaccinia in Brazil: Where We Are and Where Are We Going?

et al. 2021

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“…This creates a new situation with circulation of zoonotic orthopoxviruses in the human population and, as a consequence, leads to changes in the ecology and range of sensitive hosts for different orthopoxvirus species [ 2 ]. Therefore, outbreaks of diseases caused by zoonotic orthopoxviruses, such as monkeypox virus, cowpox virus, or VACV, have been increasingly detected in people on different continents in recent years [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. In this case, the classic live VACV vaccine is not suitable for protection against these infections because it can cause severe adverse events, in particular in people with a weakened immune system or immunodeficiencies (e.g., cancer patients, patients with organ transplantations, HIV-infected patients, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Protective Immune Response to Administration of a LIVP-GFP Live Attenuated Vaccinia Virus to Mice

et al. 2021

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Following the WHO announcement of smallpox eradication, discontinuation of smallpox vaccination with vaccinia virus (VACV) was recommended. However, interest in VACV was soon renewed due to the opportunity of genetic engineering of the viral genome by directed insertion of foreign genes or introduction of mutations or deletions into selected viral genes. This genomic technology enabled production of stable attenuated VACV strains producing antigens of various infectious agents. Due to an increasing threat of human orthopoxvirus re-emergence, the development of safe highly immunogenic live orthopoxvirus vaccines using genetic engineering methods has been the challenge in recent years. In this study, we investigated an attenuated VACV LIVP-GFP (TK-) strain having an insertion of the green fluorescent protein gene into the viral thymidine kinase gene, which was generated on the basis of the LIVP (Lister-Institute for Viral Preparations) strain used in Russia as the first generation smallpox vaccine. We studied the effect of A34R gene modification and A35R gene deletion on the immunogenic and protective properties of the LIVP-GFP strain. The obtained data demonstrate that intradermal inoculation of the studied viruses induces higher production of VACV-specific antibodies compared to their levels after intranasal administration. Introduction of two point mutations into the A34R gene, which increase the yield of extracellular enveloped virions, and deletion of the A35R gene, the protein product of which inhibits presentation of antigens by MHC II, enhances protective potency of the created LIVP-TK--A34R*-dA35R virus against secondary lethal orthopoxvirus infection of BALB/c mice even at an intradermal dose as low as 103 plaque forming units (PFU)/mouse. This virus may be considered not only as a candidate attenuated live vaccine against smallpox and other human orthopoxvirus infections but also as a vector platform for development of safe multivalent live vaccines against other infectious diseases using genetic engineering methods.

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“…2 Despite its worldwide use as a vaccine, VACV does not cause natural infections in humans and animals, except in India, Colombia, and Brazil. 3 , 4 , 5 …”

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confidence: 99%

Genomic diversity of vaccinia virus strain Cantagalo isolated in southeastern Brazil during the early years of the outbreak, 1999-2006

Souza

Luques

Damaso

2020

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Outbreaks of a vesiculopustular disease in dairy cattle and milkers have been frequently reported in Brazil since 1999 when the vaccinia virus strain Cantagalo was first isolated in the State of Rio de Janeiro. However, the genomic diversity of the viral isolates associated with these outbreaks is not well known, particularly in the southeastern states that represent the focal point of virus spread to other regions. Here, we report the genomic sequences and an analysis of the polymorphic site profiles and genotypic diversity of four clinical isolates of vaccinia virus strain Cantagalo collected from 1999 to 2006 in southeastern Brazil.

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Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Possibly Associated with Emerging Zoonotic Vaccinia Virus in a Farming Community, Colombia

Abstract: Dairy farmers had high rates of orthopoxvirus seropositivity and substantial illness associated with vaccinia-like lesions.

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Twenty Years after Bovine Vaccinia in Brazil: Where We Are and Where Are We Going?

Twenty Years after Bovine Vaccinia in Brazil: Where We Are and Where Are We Going?

Enhancing the Protective Immune Response to Administration of a LIVP-GFP Live Attenuated Vaccinia Virus to Mice

Genomic diversity of vaccinia virus strain Cantagalo isolated in southeastern Brazil during the early years of the outbreak, 1999-2006

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