Seroprevalence of anti-H5 antibody in rural Cambodia, 2007

Cavailler, Philippe; Chu, Simon; Ly, Sowath; Garcia, Jean‐Michel; Ha, Do Quang; Bergeri, Isabelle; Som, Leakhann; Ly, Sovann; Touch, Sok; Vong, Sirenda; Buchy, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2010.02.021

Cited by 44 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…By 2013, Cambodia had experienced more HPAI human infections and deaths than any other nation [4]. Live bird markets [5], movement of live poultry [5], humans bathing in ponds frequented by domestic ducks [6], and environmental exposures to H5N1 [7] have all been implicated as risk factors for these infections. Subsequently, Cambodia remains one of the regions of the world where HPAI H5N1 is enzootic among domestic poultry populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Little Evidence of Subclinical Avian Influenza Virus Infections among Rural Villagers in Cambodia

et al. 2014

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In 2008, 800 adults living within rural Kampong Cham Province, Cambodia were enrolled in a prospective cohort study of zoonotic influenza transmission. After enrollment, participants were contacted weekly for 24 months to identify acute influenza-like illnesses (ILI). Follow-up sera were collected at 12 and 24 months. A transmission substudy was also conducted among the family contacts of cohort members reporting ILI who were influenza A positive. Samples were assessed using serological or molecular techniques looking for evidence of infection with human and avian influenza viruses. Over 24 months, 438 ILI investigations among 284 cohort members were conducted. One cohort member was hospitalized with a H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus infection and withdrew from the study. Ninety-seven ILI cases (22.1%) were identified as influenza A virus infections by real-time RT-PCR; none yielded evidence for AIV. During the 2 years of follow-up, 21 participants (3.0%) had detectable antibody titers (≥1∶10) against the studied AIVs: 1 against an avian-like A/Migratory duck/Hong Kong/MPS180/2003(H4N6), 3 against an avian-like A/Teal/Hong Kong/w312/97(H6N1), 9 (3 of which had detectible antibody titers at both 12- and 24-month follow-up) against an avian-like A/Hong Kong/1073/1999(H9N2), 6 (1 detected at both 12- and 24-month follow-up) against an avian-like A/Duck/Memphis/546/74(H11N9), and 2 against an avian-like A/Duck/Alberta/60/76(H12N5). With the exception of the one hospitalized cohort member with H5N1 infection, no other symptomatic avian influenza infections were detected among the cohort. Serological evidence for subclinical infections was sparse with only one subject showing a 4-fold rise in microneutralization titer over time against AvH12N5. In summary, despite conducting this closely monitored cohort study in a region enzootic for H5N1 HPAI, we were unable to detect subclinical avian influenza infections, suggesting either that these infections are rare or that our assays are insensitive at detecting them.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Little Evidence of Subclinical Avian Influenza Virus Infections among Rural Villagers in Cambodia

et al. 2014

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“…The 9th and 10th human cases of H5N1 virus infection occurred in December 2009 and April 2010, indicating that the risk of human infection with H5N1 virus remains a concern in Cambodia. Additionally, recent seroprevalence studies in Cambodia have highlighted that asymptomatic H5N1 infections of humans may result in a significant underrepresentation of the H5N1-infected human population (9). As a National Influenza Centre, and in collaboration with the National Veterinary Research Institute in Cambodia (Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry), the Institut Pasteur in Cambodia has isolated and cultured viruses from wild birds, poultry, and humans and conducted genomic analyses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuraminidase Inhibitor Sensitivity and Receptor-Binding Specificity of Cambodian Clade 1 Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus

Naughtin

Dyason

Mardy

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The evolution of the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus produces genetic variations that can lead to changes in antiviral susceptibility and in receptor-binding specificity. In countries where the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus is endemic or causes regular epidemics, the surveillance of these changes is important for assessing the pandemic risk. In Cambodia between 2004 and 2010, there have been 26 outbreaks of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry and 10 reported human cases, 8 of which were fatal. We have observed naturally occurring mutations in hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of Cambodian H5N1 viruses that were predicted to alter sensitivity to neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) and/or receptor-binding specificity. We tested H5N1 viruses isolated from poultry and humans between 2004 and 2010 for sensitivity to the NAIs oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza). All viruses were sensitive to both inhibitors; however, we identified a virus with a mildly decreased sensitivity to zanamivir and have predicted that a V149A mutation is responsible. We also identified a virus with a hemagglutinin A134V mutation, present in a subpopulation amplified directly from a human sample. Using reverse genetics, we verified that this mutation is adaptative for human ␣2,6-linked sialidase receptors. The importance of an ongoing surveillance of H5N1 antigenic variance and genetic drift that may alter receptor binding and sensitivities of H5N1 viruses to NAIs cannot be underestimated while avian influenza remains a pandemic threat.

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“…Investigations of earlier clusters have shown that A(H5N1) virus transmission to less exposed individuals may occur, especially to blood relatives of confirmed cases [6][7][8][9][10]13,[27][28][29]38,39] while more intensely exposed individuals remain uninfected or symptomfree [38,40]. This suggests the possibility of genetic susceptibility as a risk factor for infection [41][42][43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two clustered cases of confirmed influenza A(H5N1) virus infection, Cambodia, 2011

Chea¹,

Rith

et al. 2014

Eurosurveillance

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Seroprevalence of anti-H5 antibody in rural Cambodia, 2007

Cited by 44 publications

References 14 publications

Little Evidence of Subclinical Avian Influenza Virus Infections among Rural Villagers in Cambodia

Little Evidence of Subclinical Avian Influenza Virus Infections among Rural Villagers in Cambodia

Neuraminidase Inhibitor Sensitivity and Receptor-Binding Specificity of Cambodian Clade 1 Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus

Two clustered cases of confirmed influenza A(H5N1) virus infection, Cambodia, 2011

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