Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Avian Influenza Virus A (H5N1) among Residents of Villages with Human Cases, Thailand, 20051

Dejpichai, Rapeepan; Laosiritaworn, Yongjua; Phuthavathana, Pilaipan; Uyeki, Timothy M.; O’Reilly, Michael A.; Yampikulsakul, Nattaphon; Phurahong, Sumreung; Poorak, Phisanu; Prasertsopon, Jarunee; Kularb, Rumporn; Nateerom, Kannika; Sawanpanyalert, Narumol; Jiraphongsa, Chuleeporn

doi:10.3201/eid1505.080316

Cited by 39 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…2,[10][11][12] This high proportion of seropositive villagers reinforces the overwhelming evidence that the virus continues to circulate widely in settings where human-poultry interactions are intense. However, the presence of H5N1 antibodies may not imply recent exposure given that the virus has been widely circulating since 2004 and that no paired samples were collected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Seroprevalence of anti-H5 antibody in rural Cambodia, 2007

Cavailler

Chu

et al. 2010

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Seroprevalence of anti-H5 antibody in rural Cambodia, 2007

Cavailler

Chu

et al. 2010

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…Our findings are consistent with other published data on HPAI H5N1 viruses that circulated among poultry during the same periods [25]–[29]. In 2005–2007, sero-epidemiological surveys reported 0–3% seroprevalence of H5 antibodies in populations exposed to infected poultry and in poultry workers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus among Close Contacts Exposed to H5N1 Cases, China, 2005–2008

et al. 2013

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To assess the extent of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) virus transmission, we conducted sero-epidemiologic studies among close contacts exposed to H5N1 cases in mainland China during 2005–2008. Blood specimens were collected from 87 household members and 332 social contacts of 23 H5N1 index cases for HPAI H5N1 serological testing by modified horse red-blood-cell hemagglutinin inhibition and microneutralization assays. All participants were interviewed with a standardized questionnaire to collect information about the use of personal protective equipment, illness symptoms, exposure to an H5N1 case during the infectious period, and poultry exposures. Two (2.3%) household contacts tested positive for HPAI H5N1 virus antibody, and all social contacts tested negative. Both seropositive cases had prolonged, unprotected, close contact with a different H5N1 index case, including days of bed-care or sleeping together during the index case’s infectious period, and did not develop any illness. None of the 419 close contacts used appropriate personal protective equipment including 17% who reported providing bedside care or having physical contact with an H5N1 case for at least 12 hours. Our findings suggest that HPAI H5N1 viruses that circulated among poultry in mainland China from 2005–2008 were not easily transmitted to close contacts of H5N1 cases.

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“…On the other hand, the presence of this nonspecific inhibitor did not affect our result on using RDE untreated sera in microNT assay for antibody against H5N1 HPAI virus. Cross-reactive H5N1 antibody, even at low level, was rare [20], [21], [26]. Therefore, it is postulated that HPAI H5N1 and the 2009 pandemic viruses bind to different species of nonspecific inhibitor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Response to the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus for Disease Diagnosis and Estimating the Infection Rate in Thai Population

et al. 2011

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BackgroundIndividuals infected with the 2009 pandemic virus A(H1N1) developed serological response which can be measured by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (microNT) assays.Methodology/Principal FindingsMicroNT and HI assays for specific antibody to the 2009 pandemic virus were conducted in serum samples collected at the end of the first epidemic wave from various groups of Thai people: laboratory confirmed cases, blood donors and health care workers (HCW) in Bangkok and neighboring province, general population in the North and the South, as well as archival sera collected at pre- and post-vaccination from vaccinees who received influenza vaccine of the 2006 season. This study demonstrated that goose erythrocytes yielded comparable HI antibody titer as compared to turkey erythrocytes. In contrast to the standard protocol, our investigation found out the necessity to eliminate nonspecific inhibitor present in the test sera by receptor destroying enzyme (RDE) prior to performing microNT assay. The investigation in pre-pandemic serum samples showed that HI antibody was more specific to the 2009 pandemic virus than NT antibody. Based on data from pre-pandemic sera together with those from the laboratory confirmed cases, HI antibody titers ≥40 for adults and ≥20 for children could be used as the cut-off level to differentiate between the individuals with or without past infection by the 2009 pandemic virus.Conclusions/SignificanceBased on the cut-off criteria, the infection rates of 7 and 12.8% were estimated in blood donors and HCW, respectively after the first wave of the 2009 influenza pandemic. Among general population, the infection rate of 58.6% was found in children versus 3.1% in adults.

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Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Avian Influenza Virus A (H5N1) among Residents of Villages with Human Cases, Thailand, 20051

Cited by 39 publications

References 12 publications

Seroprevalence of anti-H5 antibody in rural Cambodia, 2007

Seroprevalence of anti-H5 antibody in rural Cambodia, 2007

Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus among Close Contacts Exposed to H5N1 Cases, China, 2005–2008

Serological Response to the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus for Disease Diagnosis and Estimating the Infection Rate in Thai Population

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