Seroprevalence of Antibodies toEncephalitozoon cuniculiandToxoplasma gondiiin Farmed Domestic Rabbits in Egypt

Ashmawy, Karam I.; Abu-Akkada, Somaia S.; Awad, Ashraf M.

doi:10.1111/j.1863-2378.2010.01371.x

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…This seropositive rate of asymptomatic rabbits (25.8%) in the current study was higher than those reported in Nigeria (16.5%) but lower than in UK (36.8%), Japan (57.9%), and Italy (68.1%) [5,13]. Reports from different countries have shown different incidences suggesting that the prevalence may vary strongly in the same country from one locality to another due to certain ecological factors and breeding system [14]. In the current study, samples were collected from 3 areas including Daejeon city, Gyeongbuk, and Chungnam province in Korea, and the results of the seropositive rate showed different in each area.…”

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confidence: 52%

Seroprevalence of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Pet Rabbits in Korea

Shin

Kim

et al. 2014

Korean J Parasitol

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Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microsporidian parasite commonly found in rabbits that can infect humans, causing encephalitozoonosis. The prevalence of encephalitozoonosis is not well documented, even when many clinics suspect pet rabbits as being highly infected. This study investigated the seropositivity of E. cuniculi using ELISA. The examination of 186 rabbits using ELISA showed that 22.6% (42/186) were seropositive against E. cuniculi. In analysis with healthy status, all 42 seropositive sera were collected from clinically normal rabbits. Moreover, the gender and age of pet rabbits did not have anysignificant effect on E. cuniculi infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the seroprevalence of E. cuniculi in pet rabbits and suggests that pet rabbits could act as an important reservoir of encephalitozoonosis for both pet animals and humans in Korea.

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confidence: 52%

Seroprevalence of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Pet Rabbits in Korea

Shin

Kim

et al. 2014

Korean J Parasitol

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“…Antibodies to T. gondii were detected, e.g. by indirect haemagglutination test in 23.4 % (18/77) rabbits from China [8], by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) in 15.5 % (103/1883) rabbits from the Czech Republic [9] and in 11 % (22/194) rabbits from Egypt [10], or by Modified Agglutination Test (MAT) in 16.3 % (70/429) rabbits from Mexico [11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors involved in transmission of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection in rabbit farms in Northern Italy

Machačová¹,

Bártová²,

Sedlák³

et al. 2015

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. In Italy, rabbits are frequently reared for meat production. The aim of the study was to find the seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum parasites, and risk factors of infection in rabbit farms. Material and methods. Blood samples from 260 apparently healthy breeding rabbits were collected on 13 commercial farms in Northern Italy. Rabbits were divided into categories according to age, number of births, breed, province and size of farm. Samples were tested for antibodies to T. gondii and N. caninum using the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT); samples with a titre ≥ 50 were considered positive. Results. Antibodies to T. gondii and N. caninum were found in 38 (14.6 %) and 3 (1.2 %) rabbits, respectively. A statistically significant difference (p-value ≤ 0.05) was found only in T. gondii prevalence among different rabbit breeds and provinces. Conclusion. Rabbits from Northern Italy are at risk of T. gondii and N. caninum infection; however, it is lower compared to seroprevalence noted in other animal species or in humans.

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“…Furthermore, the organism has also been detected in other mammalian hosts, including rodents, horses, carnivores, non-human primates and humans [2,16]. Encephalitozoon cuniculi infections in rabbits show worldwide prevalence, and the seroprevalence has been reported to be 7.0% in breeding colonies in the U.S.A. [9], 59.2% in pet rabbits in England [10], 67.2% in pet rabbits in Italy [5] and 15% in farmed rabbits in Egypt [1]. In Japan, occasional cases of the infections have been reported since the 1990s [6,12,13,17], and a high seroprevalence of E. cuniculi has been recently reported in pet rabbits [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection and Genotype of Encephalitozoon cuniculi DNA from Urine and Feces of Pet Rabbits in Japan

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT. A newly developed nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA was applied to detect and characterize Encephalitozoon cuniculi DNA from pet rabbits in Japan. The analysis was carried out using 257 urinary samples and 314 fecal samples collected from 307 pet rabbits in the age group of 1 month to 12 years from 30 different prefectures of Japan and 107 fecal samples and 3 urinary samples collected from 1-month-old rabbits from 3 breeding facilities in Japan. We detected 840-bp amplicons in 20 urinary samples (7.78%) from the pet rabbits of the 13 prefectures and in 1 urinary (33.3%) and 6 fecal (5.6%) samples from the rabbits of the 2 breeding facilities. The sequences (803 bp) of the 27 amplicons had no variations and completely coincided with the sequence of E. cuniculi genotype I. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the detection and genotype characterization of E. cuniculi DNA from pet rabbits in Japan. Encephalitozoon cuniculi is an obligate intracellular parasite that is classified as a microsporidium, although this group is currently considered to comprise highly derived fungi descended from a zygomycete ancestor [15]. The organism mainly parasitizes rabbits and causes encephalitozoonosis with clinical signs of the disorders in the central nervous system, kidney and eye, which sometimes causes lethal damage to the animals. Furthermore, the organism has also been detected in other mammalian hosts, including rodents, horses, carnivores, non-human primates and humans [2,16]. Encephalitozoon cuniculi infections in rabbits show worldwide prevalence, and the seroprevalence has been reported to be 7.0% in breeding colonies in the U.S.A. [9], 59.2% in pet rabbits in England [10], 67.2% in pet rabbits in Italy [5] and 15% in farmed rabbits in Egypt [1]. In Japan, occasional cases of the infections have been reported since the 1990s [6,12,13,17], and a high seroprevalence of E. cuniculi has been recently reported in pet rabbits [11].Encephalitozoon cuniculi isolates from animal and human hosts are divided into 3 genotypes I, II and III on the basis of the differences in the nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene [4]. Genotypes I, II and III are mainly detected in isolates from rabbits, mice and dogs, respectively. Genotypes I and III appear to have zoonotic potential, because these genotypes have been detected from humans as well as animals [16]. In Japan, although E. cuniculi genotype I has been isolated from a rabbit reared in a zoo and rabbits reared at a laboratory in an institute [7, 8], there is no report on genotype of E. cuniculi DNA in pet rabbits. This study was designed to detect E. cuniculi DNA and to characterize the genotype using urinary and fecal samples obtained from pet rabbits in Japan. MATERIALS AND METHODS Urinary and fecal samples of rabbits:We collected 257 urinary samples and 314 fecal samples from 307 healthy pet rabbits (age, 1...

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Seroprevalence of Antibodies toEncephalitozoon cuniculiandToxoplasma gondiiin Farmed Domestic Rabbits in Egypt

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Seroprevalence of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Pet Rabbits in Korea

Seroprevalence of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Pet Rabbits in Korea

Risk factors involved in transmission of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection in rabbit farms in Northern Italy

Detection and Genotype of <i>Encephalitozoon cuniculi</i> DNA from Urine and Feces of Pet Rabbits in Japan

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