Seroprevalence of Q fever in sheep and goats from the Marmara region, Turkey

Karagül, Mustafa Sencer; Malal, Mehmet Engin; Akar, Kadir

doi:10.2478/jvetres-2019-0070

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Placental tissue can indeed contain more than 10 9 bacteria per gram. Thus, foetal membranes, amniotic fluids, vaginal discharge, and the placenta pose a high risk for contamination of the surrounding environment during parturition or at the time of abortion, respectively [3,4]. Additionally, the bacteria can be shed via milk, feces, and urine for months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 8 million people are connected to livestock and production activities in Pakistan [17]. These farmers and livestock workers have direct or indirect contact with sheep and goats and these animals are considered the major risk for Q fever infection [4,8,[19][20][21]. Neglecting the control of Q fever in these communities at high risk will threaten lives [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sero-Epidemiology of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Small Ruminants in the Eastern Region of Punjab, Pakistan

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Q fever in sheep and goats in Kasur, Okara, and Pakpattan in the Punjab of Pakistan. Q fever is a widely reported zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella (C.) burnetii. The main reservoirs are small ruminants that excrete the bacteria in birth by-products in high numbers. Thus, the bacteria can also be detected in the air and the dust of livestock farms. The infection is often asymptomatic in ruminants, but it can lead to reproductive disorders. This cross-sectional study found that a significant number (n = 43; 11.3%) of 300 randomly selected small ruminants of nine tehsils were seropositive using a commercially available ELISA. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in goats (17.1%) than in sheep (4.9%). Binary logistic regression analysis proved that species, age, and breed have a significant effect on the prevalence of Q fever. Tick infestation, contact with animal fomites, contact with other animals, production system, and health status of an animal had a significant impact on the prevalence of Q fever. These findings on Q fever in animals can be used to improve the visibility of this zoonotic disease. These findings will help local health authorities to focus on the origin of the problem and facilitate applying preventive measures to the affected livestock farms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-Epidemiology of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Small Ruminants in the Eastern Region of Punjab, Pakistan

et al. 2022

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“…In animal hosts, abortions, and stillbirths are among the foremost pathological manifestations of chronic Q fever [ 7 - 9 ]. In sheep and goat flocks with reproductive disorders, animals may shed the bacterium in vaginal mucus, feces, and milk [ 10 ]. Sheep, goats, and bovid are the main subclinical carriers, but they can shed bacteria in various types of secretions and excretory products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in humans and livestock in Assiut, Egypt: A serological and molecular survey

Abbass

Selim

Sobhy³

et al. 2020

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Q fever is considered a neglected zoonotic disease and is caused by Coxiella burnetii. Very little information is available on C. burnetii infections in cattle, sheep, and goat populations in Egypt. The aim of this study was to identify the seroprevalence of C. burnetii in humans and livestock and to test for the presence of C. burnetii DNA in sera from seropositive animals and humans. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 160 apparently healthy farm animals and 120 patients from three hospitals of the Assiut Governorate throughout 2017/2018. These populations were tested for antibodies against C. burnetii phase II antigen by immunofluorescence assay [IFA]) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Seropositive samples were subjected to real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results: The results of the IFA revealed C. burnetii seroprevalence rates of 45.3%, 56.0%, 45.7%, and 53.3% in cattle, sheep, goats, and humans, respectively. In humans, the seroprevalence rates were 52.1%, 30.4%, 37.5%, 74.1%, and 62.5% in patients with fever of unknown origin, influenza, kidney dialysis, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus, respectively. Likewise, by ELISA, the seroprevalence in bovine was 50.7%; sheep, 60.0%; goats, 51.4%; and humans, 55.0% (54.3%, 30.4%, 37.5%, 77.8%, and 62.5% in patients with fever of unknown origin, influenza, kidney dialysis, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus, respectively). RT-qPCR targeting the repetitive element IS1111 confirmed the presence of C. burnetii DNA. Conclusion: These results proved that apparently healthy cattle, sheep, and goats may be very important reservoirs of C. burnetii infection. In light of these data, the effect of Q fever on the replication of hepatitis virus remains unclear. Although hepatitis is one of the main aspects of acute Q fever, the influence of hepatitis on Q fever remains to be investigated. Q fever is not a reportable disease in Egypt, and clinical cases may rarely be recognized by the health-care system. Additional information on the epidemiology of C. burnetii in Egypt is warranted, including other associated problems such as the distribution of infections, pathologic hallmarks, and molecular typing.

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“…This result is in line with the result of a recent study of Q fever seroprevalence in small ruminants in the entire Marmara Region. 26 Vaccination can be organized as outbreak vaccination or more effective preventive vaccination that aims to weaken the risk of possible outbreaks. 2 Serological results like the ones in this study and previous ones could guide and support the vaccination programs for the determination of the most risky regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 In the last two decades, several epidemiological studies on Q fever have been conducted in ruminant herds in Turkey. [20][21][22][23][25][26][27] Detection of specific antibodies is a useful indication of recent infections and previous exposure. ELISA is recommended to detect these disease indications as a practicable and highly sensitive test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey

Malal

Karagül

Ateşoğlu

et al. 2021

Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

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Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate Q fever seroprevalence in cattle in Turkey. Q fever is a highly infectious zoonotic disease which is caused by Coxiella burnetii and which has occurrence in many countries of the world. As it is a multiple species disease, many different domestic and wild animals could be the carrier of the pathogen. However, cattle, sheep and goats are the main reservoirs and the disease generally appears with an increase in the cases of abortion and stillbirth. Methods: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is preferred and recommended for the diagnosis of Q fever because they are highly sensitive and easy to use. In this study, blood samples of cattle randomly collected from 22 provinces of Turkey between 2017-2018 were tested by ELISA. Results: Among 1114 blood samples analyzed, the detected seropositivity level is 18% and provincial seropositivity is between 2.3%-35.2%. Regional results are close to each other changing between 15.1% and 22.3%. Conclusion:The results gathered have revealed the C. burnetii exposure of cattle in different regions of Turkey.The findings of this study display the necessity of strategies against this disease which poses hazards for both public and animal health. Since this disease leads to serious loss in animal production, determination of the fighting strategies against Q fever and evaluation of the methods after practice is important. This study is believed to contribute to the fight against this disease with the leading and comparable data it presents.

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Seroprevalence of Q fever in sheep and goats from the Marmara region, Turkey

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Sero-Epidemiology of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Small Ruminants in the Eastern Region of Punjab, Pakistan

Sero-Epidemiology of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Small Ruminants in the Eastern Region of Punjab, Pakistan

High prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in humans and livestock in Assiut, Egypt: A serological and molecular survey

Investigation of Q Fever Seroprevalence in Cattle in Turkey

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