Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection and Associated Risk Factors Among Asymptomatic Pregnant Females in Egypt

El-Shqanqery, Hend E.; Ibrahim, Hany M.; Mohamed, Azza H.; El-Sharaawy, Ahmed A.

doi:10.21608/jesp.2017.77989

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(18,23) In addition, it is lower than the rates reported among pregnant women residing in rural areas (46.2%) and those seeking antenatal care (44.0%) in Taiz. (19,20) On the other hand, it is comparable to that reported among pregnant women from the southern region of Saudi Arabia (20.0%), (24) but it is lower than the rates reported among pregnant women from Palestine (27.9%), (25) Egypt (30.2-67.5%), (26)(27)(28) Iraq (31.5%), (29) Sudan (34.1%), (30) Jordan (47.1%), (31) Tunisia (47.7-58.4%), (32,33) Algeria (47.8%), (34) Morocco (50.6%), (35) different regions of Saudi Arabia (29.4-61.4%), (36)(37)(38)(39)(40) Libya (44.8%), (41) and Kuwait (53.1%). (42) Variations in T. gondii seroprevalence could be attributed to climate conditions, differences in cultural and socioeconomic factors as well as hygienic and feeding habits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…It is worth mentioning that the lack of significant association between eating raw/undercooked meat and past exposure to infection with T. gondii was reported among pregnant women from Makkah, Saudi Arabia. (37) On the contrary, a significant association was confirmed between the consumption of undercooked or poorly cooked meat and T. gondii infection among pregnant women in other studies from the Arab region, including Egypt, (28,50,54) Jordan, (31) Tunisia, (33) Algeria (34) and eastern region of Saudi Arabia. (39) In the southern region of Saudi Arabia, eating raw or undercooked minced meat was found to increase the odds of T. gondii infection among pregnant women by approximately twofold, but without statistical association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…(27) In line with the finding of the present study, a statistically significant association was found between contact with soil and past exposure to T. gondii infection among pregnant women from six Egyptian governorates and Jordan. (28,31) The local preferences of the majority of Yemen's population in eating meat/chicken cooked well under high pressure made it difficult to test the association of eating raw or semi-cooked meat/poultry with T. gondii infection in the present study. In line with this fact, all women in the present study reported eating well-cooked meat/poultry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In parallel with the findings of the present study, ownership or contact with cats was not found to be a significant risk factor for infection with T. gondii among pregnant women in studies from Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Palestine and Sudan. (24,25,28,30,37) In contrast, contact with cats was found to be significantly associated with past exposure to T. gondii infection among pregnant women from Algeria. (34) Contact with soil and its associated poor practices of not wearing gloves before or washing hands after dealing with it were not significantly associated with past exposure to T. gondii infection among pregnant women in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Relation to Pregnancy Characteristics and Bad Obstetric History among Pregnant Women Seeking Healthcare in Sana’a City, Yemen

Abdul‐Ghani¹,

Al-Nahari²,

Yousef³

et al. 2019

Yemeni J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women seeking healthcare in Sana’a city in relation to pregnancy characteristics and bad obstetric history (BOH). Methods: This hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 379 pregnant women seeking healthcare in Sana’a city. Data on socioeconomic and pregnancy characteristics, BOH and possible risk factors associated with T. gondii infection were collected using a structured, pre-designed questionnaire. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were detected using OnSiteTM Combo tests. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics using appropriate statistical tests, and a bivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the risk factors possibly associated with T. gondii infection among pregnant women. Differences or associations between categorical variables were considered statistically significant at P values <0.05. Results: T. gondii infection was seroprevalent among 18.7% of pregnant women seeking healthcare in Sana’a. Educational status and household size were the sociodemographic factors significantly associated with anti-Toxoplasma IgG seropositivity. Illiterate women were at fourfold higher risk of infection compared to those with higher education (OR = 4.0, 95% CI: 1.69–9.25; P = 0.002). Although those with school education were twice more likely to be infected with T. gondii compared to those with higher education, the association was on the borderline (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 0.98–4.06; P = 0.055). On the other hand, pregnant women living in households of ≥5 members were 1.7 times more likely to be infected (OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.03–2.95; P = 0.026). Regarding the BOH among pregnant women, past exposure to infection was significantly associated with premature delivery (P = 0.004) and history of fetal deaths (P = 0.004). Drinking unboiled water (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 0.55–8.07; P = 0.192) and frequent blood transfusion (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 0.50–6.1; P = 0.288) increased the odds of exposure of pregnant women to infection, but the associations were not statistically significant. On the other hand, other studied factors were not significantly associated with past exposure to infection. Conclusions: The majority (>80.0%) of pregnant women seeking healthcare in Sana’a city are non-immune to primary infection with T. gondii during pregnancy as evidenced by their seronegative status, where only 18.7% of them were seropositive for anti-Toxoplasma IgG. Higher infection rates were significantly associated with being illiterate and living within households of ≥5 members. With respect to self-reported BOH, T. gondii infection was significantly associated with premature delivery and history of fetal deaths. Drinking unboiled water and frequent blood transfusions increased the odds of exposure of pregnant women to infection, though not reaching statistical significance. Further large-scale community-based studies are recommended to determine the risk factors associated with pregnancy characteristics and BOH among pregnant women in the country.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Relation to Pregnancy Characteristics and Bad Obstetric History among Pregnant Women Seeking Healthcare in Sana’a City, Yemen

Abdul‐Ghani¹,

Al-Nahari²,

Yousef³

et al. 2019

Yemeni J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Abdel Gawad et al (2017) in Beni-Sueif by ELISA reported antibodies in 20% of 300 multiparous pregnant women. Among asymptomatic pregnancy, El-Shqanqery et al, (2017) in Menoufia reported 30.16% T. gondii seroprevalence. Azab et al (2012) in Cairo among blood donors found seropositivity of 67.4% and El-Geddawi et al (2016) in Alexandria reported 65.3% seropositivity with 10% with confirmed parasitemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Toxoplasmosis: An Overview on Transmission, Diagnosis and Treatment With Reference to Egypt

IMAM

Ismail

BOCKTOR

2022

Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Congenital toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic protozoan infection caused by the intracellular coccidian (phylum Apicomplexa) Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), which has a worldwide distribution. All warmis affected. The organism is transmitted transplacentally; following initial maternal infection, vertical transmission occurs from an infected pregnant mother to her fetus, mostly in the third trimester of pregnancy. The severity of fetal infection is determined by the pregnancy stage and whether the infected mother had received an efficient treatment in the early gestational period or not.A better prognosis is expected for children whose mothers were treated with anti-Toxoplasma medications. Some factors favor infection transmission and progress of congenital toxoplasmosis as the parasite genotype, the immune status of the mother and the fetal or neonatal ability to develop an immune response against Toxoplasma. Possible outcomes of fetal infection include abortion, intrauterine growth retardation, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly or intrauterine fetal death. Nervous system complications like intracranial calcifications or hydrocephalus as well as retinochoroiditis are all possible consequences. Commonly, there are no specific symptoms at birth and complications may appear at an older age. Congenital toxoplasmosis is treated by spiramycin in pregnant women, while, drugs were used during late gestation to benefit infected fetus and are also used to treat the newborn after birth.

show abstract

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies among buffaloes and cattle from Menoufia Province, Egypt

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection and Associated Risk Factors Among Asymptomatic Pregnant Females in Egypt

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Relation to Pregnancy Characteristics and Bad Obstetric History among Pregnant Women Seeking Healthcare in Sana’a City, Yemen

Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Relation to Pregnancy Characteristics and Bad Obstetric History among Pregnant Women Seeking Healthcare in Sana’a City, Yemen

Congenital Toxoplasmosis: An Overview on Transmission, Diagnosis and Treatment With Reference to Egypt

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies among buffaloes and cattle from Menoufia Province, Egypt

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About