Seroprevalence of zoonotic abortive diseases and their associated risk factors in Tunisian sheep

Guesmi, Kaouther; Kalthoum, Sana; Mamlouk, Aymen; Baccar, Mohamed Naceur; BelHajMohamed, Bassem; Hajlaoui, Haikel; Toumi, Aymen; Cherni, Jamel; Messadi, Lilia

doi:10.1186/s12917-022-03541-9

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The control of animal brucellosis largely depends on the accurate determination of its real prevalence based on the sensitivity of infected animal detection and the identification of Brucella species [ 74 ]. Furthermore, an effective surveillance system and control measures are required for timely updating of the true prevalence data about the diseases [ 75 ]. Therefore, its proper diagnosis remains the cornerstone for any control or eradication program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Epidemiological Study of Brucellosis in Different Animal Species from the Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Almuzaini

2023

Vaccines

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Brucellosis is a zoonotic bacterial illness that affects humans and a variety of domestic animals, especially ruminants. It is mostly transmitted through the consumption of contaminated drinks, foods, undercooked meat, or unpasteurized milk or contact with infected animals. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in camels, sheep, and goat herds in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, using commonly used diagnostic serological procedures such as the Rose Bengal test (RBT), complement fixation test (CFT), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The seroprevalence of brucellosis in camels, sheep, and goats was determined in the selected areas using a cross-sectional study design and a total of 690 farm animals of both sexes of different ages from the three animal species (274 camels, 227 sheep, and 189 goats). According to RBT results, 65 sera were positive for brucellosis, including 15 (5.47%) for camels, 32 (14.09%) for sheep, and 18 (9.50%) for goats. CFT and c-ELISA were performed as confirmatory tests on positive samples resulting from RBT. With c-ELISA, 60 serum samples were confirmed positive, in 14 (5.10%), 30 (13.21%), and 16 (8.46%) camels, sheep, and goats, respectively. There were 59 serum samples confirmed as positive for CFT, including 14 (5.11%), 29 (12.77%), and 16 (8.46%) for camels, sheep, and goats, respectively. Overall, the highest seroprevalence of brucellosis was found in sheep while the least was found in camels from the three tests (RBT, c-ELISA, and CFT). The highest seroprevalence of brucellosis was found in sheep while the least seroprevalence was found in camels. There was also a higher seroprevalence of brucellosis among female animals than males as well as among old animals than young animals. The study, thus, demonstrates brucellosis seroprevalence among farm animals (camels, sheep, and goats) and the significance of intervention measures against brucellosis incidence in both humans and animals through the creation of public awareness and other relevant policy measures such as livestock vaccination, effective hygiene management, and adequate quarantine or serological analysis for newly introduced animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Epidemiological Study of Brucellosis in Different Animal Species from the Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Almuzaini

2023

Vaccines

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“…It is widely accepted that seroprevalence of infectious agents causing abortion in small ruminants may vary according to geographic region, and zoonotic pathogens such as Leptospira spp., smooth Brucella spp., B. ovis, and C. abortus are among the most important microorganisms [31,32]. Although notification to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) is mandatory for many abortive pathogens of sheep due to restrictions on international trade, in Mexico, there is a lack of an effective epidemiological surveillance system that allows the development of strategies to prevent and control reproductive losses due to abortions and stillbirths of lambs, as well as to assess the prevalence of endemic diseases according to the diversity of ecosystems, with the subsequent reduction in risks to public health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Unidentified Abortion Burden from Four Infectious Pathogenic Microorganisms (Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus, Brucella ovis, and Chlamydia abortus) in Ewes Based on Artificial Neural Networks Approach: The Epidemiological Basis for a Control Policy

Arteaga-Troncoso,

Luna-Alvarez,

Hernández-Andrade

et al. 2023

Animals

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Unidentified abortion, of which leptospirosis, brucellosis, and ovine enzootic abortion are important factors, is the main cause of disease spread between animals and humans in all agricultural systems in most developing countries. Although there are well-defined risk factors for these diseases, these characteristics do not represent the prevalence of the disease in different regions. This study predicts the unidentified abortion burden from multi-microorganisms in ewes based on an artificial neural networks approach and the GLM. Methods: A two-stage cluster survey design was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of abortifacient microorganisms and to identify putative factors of infectious abortion. Results: The overall seroprevalence of Brucella was 70.7%, while Leptospira spp. was 55.2%, C. abortus was 21.9%, and B. ovis was 7.4%. Serological detection with four abortion-causing microorganisms was determined only in 0.87% of sheep sampled. The best GLM is integrated via serological detection of serovar Hardjo and Brucella ovis in animals of the slopes with elevation between 2600 and 2800 meters above sea level from the municipality of Xalatlaco. Other covariates included in the GLM, such as the sheep pen built with materials of metal grids and untreated wood, dirt and concrete floors, bed of straw, and the well water supply were also remained independently associated with infectious abortion. Approximately 80% of those respondents did not wear gloves or masks to prevent the transmission of the abortifacient zoonotic microorganisms. Conclusions: Sensitizing stakeholders on good agricultural practices could improve public health surveillance. Further studies on the effect of animal–human transmission in such a setting is worthwhile to further support the One Health initiative.

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“…In any case, these assays do not outperform the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity (DSe and DSp) of the classical buffered Brucella agglutination tests (Rose Bengal [RBT], Card and Buffered Plate Agglutination tests) that do not suffer from cut-off adjustment problems [ 50 ]. There are abundant examples of these problems in the recent literature [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 61 , 62 , 66 , 68 , 71 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 ].…”

Section: One-health Challenges For Brucellosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucellosis and One Health: Inherited and Future Challenges

et al. 2023

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One Health is the collaborative efforts of multiple disciplines to attain optimal health for people, animals and the environment, a concept that historically owes much to the study of brucellosis, including recent political and ethical considerations. Brucellosis One Health actors include Public Health and Veterinary Services, microbiologists, medical and veterinary practitioners and breeders. Brucellosis awareness, and the correct use of diagnostic, epidemiological and prophylactic tools is essential. In brucellosis, One Health implementation faces inherited and new challenges, some aggravated by global warming and the intensification of breeding to meet growing food demands. In endemic scenarios, disease awareness, stakeholder sensitization/engagement and the need to build breeder trust are unresolved issues, all made difficult by the protean characteristics of this zoonosis. Extended infrastructural weaknesses, often accentuated by geography and climate, are critically important. Capacity-building faces misconceptions derived from an uncritical adoption of control/eradication strategies applied in countries with suitable means, and requires additional reference laboratories in endemic areas. Challenges for One Health implementation includee the lack if research in species other than cattle and small ruminants, the need for a safer small ruminant vaccine, the need to fill in the infrastructure gap, the need for realistic capacity-building, the creation of reference laboratories in critical areas, and the stepwise implementation of measures not directly transposed from the so-called developed countries.

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Seroprevalence of zoonotic abortive diseases and their associated risk factors in Tunisian sheep

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

An Epidemiological Study of Brucellosis in Different Animal Species from the Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

An Epidemiological Study of Brucellosis in Different Animal Species from the Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Modelling the Unidentified Abortion Burden from Four Infectious Pathogenic Microorganisms (Leptospira interrogans, Brucella abortus, Brucella ovis, and Chlamydia abortus) in Ewes Based on Artificial Neural Networks Approach: The Epidemiological Basis for a Control Policy

Brucellosis and One Health: Inherited and Future Challenges

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