Serosurvey of <i>Rickettsia typhi</i> and <i>Rickettsia felis</i> in HIV‐infected patients

Nogueras, María Mercedes; Pons, Immaculada; Sanfeliú, Isabel; Sala, Montserrat; Segura, Ferrán

doi:10.1111/1348-0421.12138

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This ensured rigor of the classification of the R. felis - and R. typhi -exposed patients as high compared to previous serosurveys which utilized protocols that used lower cut-off titers [31] whilst being able to confidently classify the etiological agent [4]. Consequently, the number of participants testing positive for an indeterminate rickettsial infection was produced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi in Australian veterinarians

et al. 2017

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Background Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi are emerging arthropod-borne zoonoses causing fever and flu-like symptoms. Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with exposure to these organisms was explored in Australian veterinarians.MethodsOne hundred and thirty-one veterinarians from across Australia were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Veterinarians provided a single blood sample and answered a questionnaire on potential risk factors influencing their exposure to R. felis and R. typhi. Indirect microimmunofluorescence antibody testing (IFAT) was used to identify evidence of serological exposure of the participants to R. felis and R. typhi. Results were analyzed and a logistical regression model performed to predict risk factors associated with seropositivity.ResultsIn total, 16.0% of participants were seropositive to R. felis, 4.6% to R. typhi and 35.1% seropositive to both, where cross-reactivity of the IFAT between R. felis and R. typhi precluded a definitive diagnosis. Veterinarians residing within the south-eastern states of Victoria and Tasmania were at a higher risk of exposure to R. felis or generalised R. felis or R. typhi exposure. Older veterinarians and those that recommended flea treatment to their clients were found to be significantly protected from exposure.ConclusionsThe high exposure to R. felis amongst veterinary professionals suggests that flea-borne spotted fever is an important cause of undifferentiated fever conditions that may not be adequately recognized in Australia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi in Australian veterinarians

et al. 2017

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“…Such medical information about patients was available only for 65% individuals, and it was the primary limitation in our study. However, the previous studies, despite the fact that they possessed all the data, did not find any statistical relations between seropositivities and the assessed variables as well 43,79,85,89 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Till now, only few serological studies of Rickettsia infections among HIV-infected patients in Europe were performed. Nogueras et al 85 . have shown that seroprevalences of R .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of six pathogens transmitted by the Ixodes ricinus ticks in asymptomatic individuals with HIV infection and in blood donors

Bednarska

Kowalska

Uszyńska-Kałuża³

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The objective of our study was to estimate the seroprevalence of six pathogens transmitted by ticks in HIV-infected persons and blood donors in Poland (B. burgdorferi s.l., A. phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia spp., Babesia spp., Rickettsia spp. Bartonella henselae) to assess the frequency of exposure to such microorganisms in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals in endemic regions for I. ricinus ticks. Serum samples were collected from 227 HIV-infected patients and 199 blood donors. All samples were analyzed for antibodies against six tick-borne pathogens and seroprevalence rates were statistically compared between two tested group as well as age, sex and lymphocyte T CD4+ level in HIV infected patients. The seroprevalence of tick-borne infections in HIV-infected patients is higher than that of the healthy population in Poland, although no association between serological status of patients and lymphocyte CD4+ T cell level has been observed. The frequency of tick-borne coinfections and doubtful results of serological tests were significantly higher in HIV-positive individuals. In Poland, the possibility of tick-borne diseases transmission with blood is rather negligible.

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“…In a study in northeastern Spain, among 341 seropositive patients, 4.4% had positive serology for R. felis and 7.6% were seroreactive for R. typhi . Three patients had antibodies for both species [ 142 ].…”

Section: Rickettsiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and Mediterranean Zoonoses: A Review of the Literature

Russotto

Micali

Pellicanò

et al. 2022

Infectious Disease Reports

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A zoonosis is an infectious disease that has jumped from a non-human animal to humans. Some zoonoses are very common in the Mediterranean area and endemic in specific regions, so they represent an important problem for public health. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that has originated as a zoonosis and is now diffused globally, with the most significant numbers of infected people among the infectious diseases. Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the history for people living with HIV (PLWH) has changed drastically, and many diseases are now no different in epidemiology and prognosis as they are in not-HIV-infected people. Still, the underlying inflammatory state that is correlated with HIV and other alterations related to the infection itself can be a risk factor when infected with other bacteria, parasites or viruses. We reviewed the literature for infection by the most common Mediterranean zoonoses, such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, Brucella, Rickettsia, Borrelia, Listeria and Echinococcus, and a possible correlation with HIV. We included Monkeypox, since the outbreak of cases is becoming a concern lately. We found that HIV may be related with alterations of the microbiome, as for campylobacteriosis, and that there are some zoonoses with a significant prevalence in PLWH, as for salmonellosis.

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Serosurvey of Rickettsia typhi and Rickettsia felis in HIV‐infected patients

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi in Australian veterinarians

Serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi in Australian veterinarians

Seroprevalence of six pathogens transmitted by the Ixodes ricinus ticks in asymptomatic individuals with HIV infection and in blood donors

HIV and Mediterranean Zoonoses: A Review of the Literature

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