Serotonin and motor activity

Jacobs, Barry L.; Fornal, Casimir A.

doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(97)80141-9

Cited by 276 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Thus, techniques such as exogenous application of modulatory transmitters (Harris-Warrick et al, 1992b;McCormick, 1992;Pearson, 1993;Aston-Jones et al, 1996;Ramirez and Richter, 1996;Sillar et al, 1997) and the simultaneous activation of groups of input neurons (Aston-Jones et al, 1996;Grillner et al, 1997;Lalley et al, 1997;Wannier et al, 1998) are commonly used to study modulation of network activity in vertebrate and invertebrate systems. Information from such studies suggests a shared role for multiple input neurons that contain the same modulatory transmitter and influence the same behavior (McCormick, 1992;Aston-Jones et al, 1996;Page and Sofroniew, 1996;Edwards and Kravitz, 1997;Jacobs and Fornal, 1997). Although the actions of individual modulatory neurons on multifunctional networks have been studied in several systems (Pearson, 1993;Marder and C alabrese, 1996), there are few preparations in which the transmitters of these neurons have been catalogued so that a comparison of the effects of bath-applied and neurally released transmitter can be made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, little is known about whether multiple projection neurons with a common modulatory transmitter influence a neural network in the same manner. Results from studies using exogenously applied neuromodulators, pharmacology, and /or stimulation of neuronal populations suggest a unified role for same transmitter-containing neurons in their influence on network activity (McCormick, 1992;Aston-Jones et al, 1996;Page and Sofroniew, 1996;Edwards and Kravitz, 1997;Jacobs and Fornal, 1997).…”

Section: Abstract: Stomatogastric Nervous System; Crustacea; Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different Proctolin Neurons Elicit Distinct Motor Patterns from a Multifunctional Neuronal Network

et al. 1999

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Distinct motor patterns are selected from a multifunctional neuronal network by activation of different modulatory projection neurons. Subsets of these projection neurons can contain the same neuromodulator(s), yet little is known about the relative influence of such neurons on network activity. We have addressed this issue in the stomatogastric nervous system of the crab Cancer borealis. Within this system, there is a neuronal network in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) that produces many versions of the pyloric and gastric mill rhythms. These different rhythms result from activation of different projection neurons that innervate the STG from neighboring ganglia and modulate STG network activity. Three pairs of these projection neurons contain the neuropeptide proctolin. These include the previously identified modulatory proctolin neuron and modulatory commissural neuron 1 (MCN1) and the newly identified modulatory commissural neuron 7 (MCN7). We document here that each of these neurons contains a unique complement of cotransmitters and that each of these neurons elicits a distinct version of the pyloric motor pattern. Moreover, only one of them (MCN1) also elicits a gastric mill rhythm. The MCN7-elicited pyloric rhythm includes a pivotal switch by one STG network neuron from playing a minor to a major role in motor pattern generation. Therefore, modulatory neurons that share a peptide transmitter can elicit distinct motor patterns from a common target network.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Abstract: Stomatogastric Nervous System; Crustacea; Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Proctolin Neurons Elicit Distinct Motor Patterns from a Multifunctional Neuronal Network

et al. 1999

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“…Reciprocal interactions between the motor system and the serotoninergic modulatory system are well documented (Jacobs and Fornal, 1997). The cerebellar cortex, like all other motor structures, receives serotoninergic innervation in the form of a plexus of fine varicose fibers that do not face any differentiated postsynaptic element (Ungerstedt, 1971;Chan-Palay, 1975;Bishop and Ho, 1985;Trouillas and Fuxe, 1993).…”

Section: Abstract: Serotonin; Cerebellar Cortex; Inhibition; Internementioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin-Driven Long-Range Inhibitory Connections in the Cerebellar Cortex

2000

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Disturbances of the serotoninergic neuromodulation in the cerebellar cortex have been involved in several types of ataxia, but the physiological action of serotonin in this structure remains poorly understood. We report that in slices of the rat cerebellar vermis, serotonin triggers the firing of an inhibitory interneuron presynaptic to Golgi cells. The Lugaro cell, a neglected interneuronal type, satisfies the expected criteria for this input, whereas basket cells, stellate cells, or Golgi cells do not. Lugaro cells are selectively excited by serotonin, and their firing behavior (sustained steady frequency in the 5-15 Hz range) resembles the pattern of occurrence of serotonin-evoked IPSCs in Golgi cells. Immunohistochemical stainings and single cell reconstructions show that Lugaro cell axons form a parasagittal plexus but also extend long transverse branches that run parallel to the parallel fibers and are partly myelinated. Electrophysiological data suggest that these transverse axons participate in synaptic contacts of the Lugaro cells with Golgi cells, and we calculated that in the intact cerebellum a given Lugaro cell contacts Ͼ100 Golgi cells. Serotonin modulation of Lugaro cells may constitute an intracortical switch involved in information patterning at the level of Golgi cells and granule cells populations, and particularly in synchronizations recorded along the transverse axis in vivo.

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“…We believe this increased spasticity may be related to elevated descending 5-HT pathways during repetitive rhythmic MVCs, 22 which provided a greater substrate for action of the SSRIs. The resulting 5-HT modulation of spinal circuits 24 could result in depolarization of motoneurons and selected interneurons and amplification of persistent inward currents, 25,47,48 thereby increasing motor output with specific afferent inputs.…”

Section: Effects Of Ssris On Stretch Reflex Excitabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22,23 While the central effects of 5-HT are complex, the net result on motor systems is excitatory. 24,25 In humans poststroke, most studies using SSRIs or other 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (eg, fluoxetine, paroxetine, venlafaxine) focus on the upper extremity and indicate enhanced cortical excitability and motor performance in subacute and chronic stroke (grip strength, rate of finger tap, and 9-hole peg test 17,20,26 ). Interestingly, with repeated SSRI administration, data from intact individuals demonstrate potential decreased motor cortical excitability, 27,28 while studies 19,29 with patients early poststroke undergoing rehabilitation indicate improved motor recovery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%