Serotype Distribution and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Isolates Causing Systemic Infections Among Children in Germany, 1992 to 1996

Reinert, Ralf René; Kaufhold, Achim; Schlaeger, Johannes Josef; Mechery, Vinod; Lütticken, Rudolf

doi:10.1097/00006454-199702000-00014

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Fortunately, in our region resistance patterns for b-lactam antibiotics still show a rather favourable susceptibility profile, in particular for S. pneumoniae. Our local data compare quite well to those obtained for invasive pneumococcal strains at the German National Reference Centre for Streptococci (NRCS) [18,19]. While our study showed an intermediate penicillin resistance rate of 3.8% over the last 10 years, the resistance rate reported from the German NRCS between 1992 and 2000 was 3.3%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Antibiotic resistance patterns among respiratory pathogens at a german university children’s hospital over a period of 10 years

et al. 2005

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Antibiotic resistance patterns among respiratory pathogens at a german university children’s hospital over a period of 10 years

et al. 2005

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“…Serotype 12F, which was most often seen in the present study, is generally detected in less than 1% of cases of invasive pneumococcal disease in Germany (17,19,23). All serotype 12F strains were isolated at different institutions, indicating that an epidemiological relatedness of isolates is unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Nationwide German Multicenter Study on the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Streptococcal Blood Isolates from Neutropenic Patients and Comparative In Vitro Activities of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin and Eight Other Antimicrobials

Reinert¹,

Eiff

Kresken³

et al. 2001

J Clin Microbiol

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In a prospective multicenter study (1996 to 1999), 156 episodes of bacteremic streptococcal infections of neutropenic patients were evaluated. Streptococcus oralis (26.3%), S. pneumoniae (26.3%), S. agalactiae (11.5%), S. mitis (9%), and S. pyogenes (5.8%) were the predominant species. Four strains (2.6%) were found to be intermediately resistant to penicillin. One strain (0.6%) was found to be highly resistant to penicillin (MIC, 8 mg/liter). Reduced susceptibility to penicillin was detected among S. oralis (14.6%), S. mitis (7.1%), and S. pneumoniae

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“…The proportion of reported IPD isolates in England and Wales showing intermediate or full penicillin resistance increased from 0.3% in 1989 to 2.9% in 1995 9. In other European countries, current rates of penicillin resistance for IPD isolates range from less than 2% in Denmark6 and Germany,10 to more than 30% in Spain11 and Hungary 12…”

Section: Pneumococcal Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The serotypes included in the 7-valent vaccine are responsible for 69–79% of reported IPD cases in children aged less than 5 years in England and Wales, and the 9-valent and 11-valent vaccines cover 77–87% and 82–91% respectively 34 In other European countries,6 8 10 11 29 30 60–80% of paediatric IPD cases are caused by serotypes included in the 7-valent vaccine.…”

Section: Pneumococcal Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current topic: New pneumococcal vaccines for children

Choo

Finn

2001

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. At least 1 million children die of pneumococcal infections each year, mostly in developing countries. 1 In addition, pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics such as penicillin is an increasing problem worldwide. The polysaccharide capsule is the main virulence factor of the pneumococcus; 90 diVerent capsular polysaccharide serotypes have been described. 2 The prevalence of individual serotypes varies among diVerent age groups and diVerent geographical areas, and changes over time. In this review, we discuss the current epidemiology of paediatric pneumococcal disease in Europe and the potential role of new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. In a meta-analysis of bacterial meningitis outcomes in developed countries, 13 S pneumoniae caused more deaths and neurological sequelae than either Haemophilus influenzae or Neisseria meningitidis. Of the children with pneumococcal meningitis reviewed in the meta-analysis, 17% developed mental retardation, 14% a seizure disorder, 28% deafness (16% profound or severe), and 12% spasticity or paresis. The case fatality rate was 15%. There is little information about outcomes of paediatric IPD in the UK. Hospital admission rates in England for pneumococcal meningitis and septicaemia, based on ICD 10 codes, were 1.9 and 1.2 respectively per 100 000 children under 15 years in 1997, with a mean duration of stay of 14 days in the former and seven days in the latter group. Pneumococcal epidemiology3 In 1996-98, 16% of paediatric meningitis cases and 9% of other paediatric IPD cases in England and Wales were reported to have died of their infection. 3Unfortunately outcome was only reported in 28% of the IPD cases, potentially biasing the case fatality. Indeed, in a recent retrospective case note review of children under 5 years, identified by enhanced surveillance of IPD in the Oxford region, mortality was only 1%.14 There was, however, significant morbidity: 7% of children developed persisting neurological disability and the mean duration of hospital stay was eight days. PNEUMONIAAccurate epidemiological data about childhood pneumonia are diYcult to obtain as a result of diYculties with diagnosis and empirical antibiotic treatment. Djuretic et al studied hospital admissions in England in 1994-95 in children aged less than 5 years diagnosed with pneumonia.15 Admission rates for "lobar pneumonia", "bronchopneumonia", and "pneumonia, unspecified", based on ICD 9 codes, were 104, 36, and 85 per 100 000 respectively (225 per 100 000 for all three codes); mean duration of stay was four days for each diagnosis.A retrospective case note review was also performed. There were lobar/focal changes on chest x ray (CXR) in 79% of cases, although only 46% were coded as "lobar pneumonia". Only half the cases that met the authors' definitions of "definite" pneumococcal pneumonia (pneumococcus in blood culture) or "likely" pneumococcal pneumonia (lobar/focal consolidation on CXR and white cell count of at least 15 × 10 9 ...

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Serotype Distribution and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Isolates Causing Systemic Infections Among Children in Germany, 1992 to 1996

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Antibiotic resistance patterns among respiratory pathogens at a german university children’s hospital over a period of 10 years

Antibiotic resistance patterns among respiratory pathogens at a german university children’s hospital over a period of 10 years

Nationwide German Multicenter Study on the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Streptococcal Blood Isolates from Neutropenic Patients and Comparative In Vitro Activities of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin and Eight Other Antimicrobials

Current topic: New pneumococcal vaccines for children

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