Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Chinese Rural Population

Abstract

There is a paucity of data on the relation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration and cardiometabolic biomarkers in the Chinese population. To comprehensively and quantitatively examine the association of 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic traits, we conducted a cross-sectional study in the Chinese rural population. Serum 25(OH)D and eight cardiometabolic biomarkers were measured in 1714 individuals from Henan province, China. Scatter plot was used to visualize the distribution and correlation of 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic indicators. Moreover, multivariate linear regressions and restricted cubic spline (RCS) functions were performed to examine the quantitative association between the serum 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic parameters. The median serum 25(OH)D level was 19.94 ng/ml in all participants, with an estimated 50.12% presenting vitamin D deficiency. Serum 25(OH)D level showed significantly modest association with cardiometabolic parameters (p<0.05) except for diastolic blood pressure (r=0.03, p=0.22). Multiple linear regression models showed that 25(OH)D concentration was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and negatively associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and fasting serum glucose (GLU). The results of restricted cubic spline models indicated a positively linear association of 25(OH)D with HDL-C (p for overall<0.001, p for nonlinearity=0.191) and a negatively linear association with GLU (p for overall=0.024, p for nonlinearity=0.095). Overall, vitamin D deficiency was very common among Chinese rural population living near the 34 degrees north latitude. Besides, there were significant association between 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic biomarkers including HDL-C and GLU levels. Future longitudinal studies and randomized trials are warranted to clarify the causal relationship.

Biomarkers of Micronutrients and Phytonutrients and Their Application in Epidemiological Studies

“…A cross-sectional study including 1714 people from Henan province in China analyzed serum 25(OH)D and eight cardiometabolic biomarkers to completely and statistically investigate the relationship between cardiometabolic features and 25(OH)D levels. Fasting serum glucose (GLU) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were shown to be negatively connected with 25(OH)D concentrations and positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [ 65 ]. A meta-analysis with 20 cohort studies ( n = 217,235) reported that when the 25(OH)D concentration was approximately at 50 nmol/L or the vitamin D consumption was around 12 μg per day, the risk of stroke was at its lowest level, compared to a higher or lower percentile.…”