Serum apolipoprotein B predicts dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome and, in women, hypertension and diabetes, independent of markers of central obesity and inflammation

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the role of serum apolipoprotein (apo) B levels in predicting metabolic syndrome (MS), hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidemia and type II diabetes. Methods: Prospective evaluation of 1125 men and 1223 women, aged 28-74 years, participating in the survey 1997/1998 who had serum apo B determinations and were followed-up for a mean 5.9 years. Tertiles of apo B were formed by cut points by 120 and 95 mg/dl. MS was defined by modified ATPIII criteria. Results: Apo B values exhibited no significant difference among sexes. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and triglycerides were their leading determinants on linear regression analysis. By logistic regression analyses, the top versus bottom apo B tertile predicted significantly newly developing MS in both sexes separately with two-fold relative risks (RRs) (Po0.02) and the development of high triglyceride/low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol dyslipidemia with nearly threefold RRs (P ¼ 0.001), after adjustment for waist circumference, C-reactive protein (CRP), physical activity grade and family income category. Development of hypertension was predicted only in women by the apo B top tertile (fully adjusted RR 1.71 [95% CI 1.001; 2.92]), while the significance of the prediction regarding age-adjusted diabetes in women (RR 1.86 [95% CI 1.04; 3.36]) attenuated after adjustment for the stated confounding factors. Conclusions: Apo B concentrations, which reflect the number of small, dense LDL particles in plasma, are a significant predictor of cardiometabolic risk among adults with a high prevalence of MS, independent of waist circumference and CRP.

A Case Control Study of Serum Lipid Level Alterations in Subclinical Hypothyroid Patients

“…According to Onat et al, apolipoprotein B is an indicator of only the level of LDL in the serum. There is no correlation between the protein level and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), which could explain the contrasting results of the present study (24) . Further, high levels of triglycerides often alter the correlation between apolipoprotein B level and LDL-C in patients with metabolic syndrome (25) .…”

Associations between Carotid Artery Wall Thickness and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Using Multidetector CT

“…However, there may also be nonatherosclerotic compensatory reactions to hypertension like intimal hyperplasia and intimal fibrocellular hypertrophy, which also involve thickening of the arterial wall. 25 In our study, smoking and dyslipidemia were not significantly associated with an increased CAWT. These results were unexpected because they differ from previous publications that have demonstrated an association between active smoking and increased IMT 26,27 and between dyslipidemia and increased IMT.…”

“…23,24 The association we observed between increased CAWT and hypertension (P ϭ .0041) may be due to a variety of factors, not necessarily related to atherosclerosis. In fact higher blood pressure and consequent changes in shear stress may cause the transportation of potentially atherogenic particles, 25 which allows the penetration of particles into the arterial wall and consequent plaque formation. However, there may also be nonatherosclerotic compensatory reactions to hypertension like intimal hyperplasia and intimal fibrocellular hypertrophy, which also involve thickening of the arterial wall.…”

Association of Apolipoprotein B with Incident Type 2 Diabetes in an Aboriginal Canadian Population1

“…One report demonstrated that apo B was associated with incident type 2 diabetes among Turkish women (7 ). We assessed whether apo B was associated with incident type 2 diabetes and was a better risk predictor than traditional lipid variables in an aboriginal community undergoing rapid cultural transition and with high prevalences of obesity and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (8 ).…”