Serum C‐reactive protein and S100A12 concentrations in dogs with hepatic disease

Craig, Sarah; Fry, J. K.; Hoffmann, Aline Rodrigues; Manino, Paul; Heilmann, Romy M.; Suchodolski, Jan S.; Steiner, Jörg M.; Hottinger, Heidi; Hunter, S. L.; Lidbury, Jonathan A.

doi:10.1111/jsap.12504

Cited by 13 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A key limitation of our findings was the substantial overlap in concentrations of IL‐6, CCL2, and CRP between dogs grouped by necroinflammatory or fibrosis scores. Overlap between affected and unaffected animals also has been reported for these and other biomarkers in dogs with liver disease, including IL‐6, CRP, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, hyaluronic acid, and PIIINP . The overlap observed in our study may have been due, in part, to heterogeneity in the types of liver diseases that we included.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Our study, as well as previously reported studies of liver biomarkers in dogs have enrolled relatively few dogs with cirrhosis. This is an important limitation because many biomarker studies in humans focus on distinguishing cirrhotic from non‐cirrhotic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Serum CRP also did not distinguish among dogs based on liver histopathologic findings. Since our research was conducted, a study of serum CRP in 46 dogs with PSS, CH, or hepatic neoplasia was published that found no differences in CRP by disease group, but did find a significant correlation between CRP and necroinflammatory activity, albeit with substantial overlap among histopathologic scores. Serum CRP is a nonspecific inflammatory marker that can increase in hospitalized dogs with a wide variety of diseases, including pancreatitis, bacterial pneumonia, and postoperative inflammation .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Overlap between affected and unaffected animals also has been reported for these and other biomarkers in dogs with liver disease, including IL-6, CRP, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, hyaluronic acid, and PIIINP. 14,15,42,50 The overlap observed in our study may have been due, in part, to heterogeneity in the types of liver diseases that we included. Because of this possibility, we also analyzed our data in the subset of dogs (n 5 25)…”

Section: Biomarker Datamentioning

confidence: 92%

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Evaluation of potential serum biomarkers of hepatic fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity in dogs with liver disease

Raghu

Ekena

Cullen

et al. 2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundSerum interleukin 6 (IL‐6), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), C‐reactive protein (CRP), and the ratio of aspartate transaminase to alanine transaminase (AST:ALT) have been correlated with fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity in humans with various hepatopathies.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine whether increases in serum IL‐6, CCL2, CRP, or AST:ALT were associated with moderate to severe fibrosis or necroinflammatory activity in dogs with various hepatopathies.AnimalsForty‐four client‐owned dogs with clinical evidence of liver disease and 10 healthy purpose‐bred dogs, all undergoing liver biopsies by laparoscopy or laparotomy.MethodsMeasurement of serum IL‐6, CCL2, CRP, AST, and ALT before scheduled liver biopsy and evaluation of liver histopathology using the METAVIR scoring system used in human medicine, blinded to clinical presentation.ResultsMedian serum IL‐6 was approximately twice as high in dogs with high fibrosis scores (15.5 pg/mL; range, 1.4 to 235 pg/mL) compared to dogs with low fibrosis scores (7.6 pg/mL; range, 1.4 to 148.1 pg/mL), with marginal significance (P = .05). Median serum CCL2 was significantly higher in dogs with active necroinflammation (444 pg/mL; range, 144 to 896 pg/mL) compared to dogs without detectable necroinflammation (326 pg/mL; range, 59 to 1692 pg/mL; P = .008), but with considerable overlap between groups. Neither serum CRP nor AST:ALT ratios were significantly different based on fibrosis or necroinflammatory scores.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBecause of substantial variability among dogs, single measurements of IL‐6 and CCL2 have limited diagnostic utility for identifying fibrosis or necroinflammation, respectively, in dogs with various chronic liver diseases. The value of these biomarkers should be explored further in monitoring response to treatment in individual dogs with chronic hepatopathies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Biomarker Datamentioning

confidence: 92%

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Evaluation of potential serum biomarkers of hepatic fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity in dogs with liver disease

Raghu

Ekena

Cullen

et al. 2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…It is a very sensitive and specific marker of localized inflammatory processes, such as gastrointestinal inflammation,128 and can be increased in serum with various inflammatory disorders 47, 116, 118, 129, 130. In contrast to calprotectin, corticosteroid treatment does not affect serum S100A12 concentrations 131…”

Section: Biomarkers In Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathies Of Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical utility of currently available biomarkers in inflammatory enteropathies of dogs

Heilmann

Steiner

2018

Veterinary Internal Medicne

108

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Chronic inflammatory enteropathies (CIE) in dogs are a group of disorders that are characterized by chronic persistent or recurrent signs of gastrointestinal disease and histologic evidence of mucosal inflammation. These CIEs are classified as either food‐responsive, antibiotic‐responsive, or immunosuppressant‐responsive enteropathy. Patients not clinically responding to immunomodulatory treatment are grouped as nonresponsive enteropathy and dogs with intestinal protein loss as protein‐losing enteropathy. Disease‐independent clinical scoring systems were established in dogs for assessment of clinical disease severity and patient monitoring during treatment. Histopathologic and routine clinicopathologic findings are usually not able to distinguish the subgroups of CIE. Treatment trials are often lengthy and further diagnostic tests are usually at least minimally invasive. Biomarkers that can aid in defining the presence of disease, site of origin, severity of the disease process, response to treatment, or a combination of these would be clinically useful in dogs with CIE. This article summarizes the following biomarkers that have been evaluated in dogs with CIE during the last decade, and critically evaluates their potential clinical utility in dogs with CIE: functional biomarkers (cobalamin, methylmalonic acid, folate, α1‐proteinase inhibitor, immunoglobulin A), biochemical biomarkers (C‐reactive protein, perinuclear anti‐neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies, 3‐bromotyrosine, N‐methylhistamine, calprotectin, S100A12, soluble receptor of advanced glycation end products, cytokines and chemokines, alkaline phosphatase), microbiomic biomarkers (microbiome changes, dysbiosis index), metabolomic biomarkers (serum metabolome), genetic biomarkers (genomic markers, gene expression changes), and cellular biomarkers (regulatory T cells). In addition, important performance criteria of diagnostic tests are briefly reviewed.

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The companion dog as a model for inflammaging: a cross-sectional pilot study

Schmid,

Hoffman,

Prescott

et al. 2024

GeroScience

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Serum C‐reactive protein and S100A12 concentrations in dogs with hepatic disease

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Evaluation of potential serum biomarkers of hepatic fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity in dogs with liver disease

Evaluation of potential serum biomarkers of hepatic fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity in dogs with liver disease

Clinical utility of currently available biomarkers in inflammatory enteropathies of dogs

The companion dog as a model for inflammaging: a cross-sectional pilot study

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