Serum Estradiol Quantified by Isotope Dilution–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

Wu, Huaiqin; Ramsay, Carol; Ozaeta, Panfilo; Liu, Lin; Aboleneen, Hoda

doi:10.1093/clinchem/48.2.364

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Chromatographic methods are considered to be very accurate and specific, but approaches to evaluate serum E 2 by use of e.g. gas chromatography-mass spectrometry have not been able to compete with immunoassays, neither in terms of sensitivity nor of throughput capabilities (Tserng et al, 1983;Wu et al, 2002). However, the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is conceived capable of fulfilling both of these demands.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estradiol levels in prepubertal boys and girls – analytical challenges

2004

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Increasing evidence points at an important function of low concentrations of estradiol (E2) in prepubertal boys and girls. E2 serum levels in prepubertal children are, however, often immeasurable in conventional E2 assays. This strongly hampers further investigation of the physiological relevance of E2 in children. In addition, there is an increasing concern of the potential effect of exposure to endocrine disrupters with estrogenic or antiandrogenic activity on pubertal development. A requirement of assessing the instance for this concern, adds further to the demands for applicable methodologies for the evaluation of the sensitivity of the organism to low E2 concentrations. Traditionally, E2 is measured by use of the radioimmunoassay (RIA). As an ultrasensitive alternative to the RIA, a recombinant cell bioassay has been developed. In this review, methodological aspects for these methods of analysis are examined and their applicability for evaluation of low E2 serum concentrations in children is estimated. Furthermore, available data on E2 levels in prepubertal boys and girls are evaluated and discussed, taking into consideration the limitations of the methods of analysis. In conclusion, there is a pronounced demand for new and improved methods of analysis for accurate and sensitive evaluation of low concentrations of E2.

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Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry have not been able to compete with immunoassays, neither in terms of sensitivity nor of throughput capabilities (Tserng et al. , 1983; Wu et al. , 2002).…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estradiol levels in prepubertal boys and girls – analytical challenges

2004

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“…A number of methods have been described for extracting estradiol from blood since its initial isolation from urine in 1929 [11]. Many methods involve an extraction step followed by separation on a gas chromatograph (GC) followed by a mass sensitive detector (MS) [9], [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Such methods of analysis require the preparation of a volatile estradiol derivative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vega-Morales et al [24] have recently described a very sensitive assay for estradiol which requires 250 mL of sample volume which is not applicable to routine clinical analysis of patient samples. The Siekmann method [12] employs dichloromethane to extract the estradiol from serum, while the method of Wu et al [13] uses diethyl ether. One disadvantage of the Siekmann method is that the dichloromethane, which is heavier than water, must be withdrawn from the bottom of an extraction tube.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This must be done by puncturing the bottom of the extraction tube and letting the dichloromethane layer drip out or by carefully placing a pipette down the side of the tube through the water layer and into the dichloromethane layer. On the other hand, the Wu method [13] has a disadvantage in that it uses diethyl ether for the estradiol extraction. Diethyl ether is difficult to handle at room temperature, in part, because it has a low boiling point, and the extraction must be carried out in a fume hood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estradiol Solubility in Aqueous Systems: Effect of Ionic Concentrations, pH, and Organic Solvents

Carter

Sluss

2013

Journal of Hormones

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This study examined the effects of ionic strengths of NaCl (0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 M), pH (3, 7, and 11), and organic solvents (dichloromethane, diethyl ether, and methanol) on the extraction of estradiol at concentrations of 5.0 pg/mL in human serum. Methanol extracted almost 100% of the estradiol at a 5.0 pg/mL concentration, while ether and dichloromethane extracted only 73% or 70%, respectively, of the estradiol. The methanol extracted material was subjected to reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using 60% methanol and was found to elute at the same position as estradiol standard. These results suggest that methanol extraction of estradiol may prove useful in situations where estradiol occurs at concentration levels of ≥5.0 pg/mL, concentrations of great clinical significance in the detection and treatment of breast cancer.

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Current literature in mass spectrometry

2002

J. Mass Spectrom.

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In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of mass spectrometry. Each bibliography is divided into 11 sections: 1 Books, Reviews & Symposia; 2 Instrumental Techniques & Methods; 3 Gas Phase Ion Chemistry; 4 Biology/Biochemistry: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins; Carbohydrates; Lipids; Nucleic Acids; 5 Pharmacology/Toxicology; 6 Natural Products; 7 Analysis of Organic Compounds; 8 Analysis of Inorganics/Organometallics; 9 Surface Analysis; 10 Environmental Analysis; 11 Elemental Analysis. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author (5 Weeks journals ‐ Search completed at 27th. Mar. 2002)

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Serum Estradiol Quantified by Isotope Dilution–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Estradiol levels in prepubertal boys and girls – analytical challenges

Estradiol levels in prepubertal boys and girls – analytical challenges

Estradiol Solubility in Aqueous Systems: Effect of Ionic Concentrations, pH, and Organic Solvents

Current literature in mass spectrometry

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