Serum interleukin‐6, interleukin‐17A, and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Abstract

Background Recurrent aphthous stomatitis remains the most common disease of the oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of serum interleukin‐6, interleukin‐17A, and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Methods Using flow cytometry analysis, we detect the level of serum interleukin‐2, interleukin‐6, interleukin‐17A, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, and interferon‐gamma in 127 patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and 20 healthy control cases; compare; and analyze the correlation of each index. Results The levels of serum interleukin‐2, interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, and interferon‐gamma in the recurrent aphthous stomatitis group were higher than in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05). There was no significant difference in interleukin‐17A between the two groups. Conclusion The levels of serum interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha in recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients were significantly increased. Considering that serum TNF‐α was mostly within the normal range, its role in the pathology of RAS needed to be further explored.

Investigation of tumour necrosis factor-alpha role in development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis

“…However, it can be seen on the keratinized mucosa especially in patients with immune deficiency (Mortazavi et al, 2016). It was demonstrated that there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in the level of TNF in patients in comparison with the control (104.27± 41.63 vs. 85.30 ± 38.72) (Shen et al, 2021).…”

“…Thus, high levels of TNF-α had been reported in wound mucosa and peripheral blood of patients with aphthous ulcer (Mortazavi et al, 2016). High cytotoxic destruction of epithelial cells with TNF-α produced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was shown in patients with aphthous ulcer.16 In addition, RAS can be prevented by inhibitors of endogenous TNF-α synthesis such as thalidomide and pentoxifylline (Shen et al, 2021).…”

Evaluation of Novel Topical Camel Whey Protein Gel for the Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

“…The choice of these pro-inflammatory cytokines was confirmed by many studies that investigated the clinical significance of serum IL-6, IL-1, and TNF-α in RAS. [ 6 23 , 24 ] Results of these studies revealed that the levels of serum IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in RAS patients were significantly increased.…”

“…Circulating TNF-α may stimulate interleukin (IL)-6 release from macrophages, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes, which in turn activate T cells and induce growth and differentiation of cytotoxic T cells leading to epithelial cell destruction and ulcer formation. [ 6 7 ]…”

“…In light of etiopathogenesis diversity in RAS, different therapy modalities were administered; however, the treatment was only symptomatic in most of the cases. [ 6 ] The goals of various therapies were to reduce the ulcer duration, cease pain, enhance functions, and minimize the ulceration recurrence. [ 8 ] To attain such objectives, different topically and systemically applied medications have been used such as corticosteroids, anti-inflammatories, immunomodulatories, and antiseptic medications.…”