Serum Levels of Cytokines and IgE in Helminth-Infected Nigerian Pregnant Women and Children

Arinola, Ganiyu Olatunbosun; Morenikeji, Olajumoke A.; Akinwande, Kazeem Sanjo; Alade, Ayodele Olasoji; Olateru-Olagbegi, Oluwakemi; Alabi, Ponmile Emmanuel; Rahamon, Sheu Kadiri

doi:10.1016/j.aogh.2015.12.008

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In our study, statistically significant higher IL-10 values were found in children with ascariasis, although they did not correlate with infection intensity of this parasite. Similar findings have been frequently reported by other researchers [66, 69, 72–74], with some exceptions [47]. We also found a negative correlation between children's age and IL-10 levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Immune Profile of Honduran Schoolchildren with Intestinal Parasites: The Skewed Response against Geohelminths

Gabrie

Rueda

Rodríguez

et al. 2016

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Soil-transmitted helminth infections typically induce a type-2 immune response (Th2), but no immunoepidemiological studies have been undertaken in Honduras, an endemic country where the main control strategy is children's annual deworming. We aimed to characterize the immune profile of Honduran schoolchildren harbouring these parasitoses. Demographic and epidemiological data were obtained through a survey; nutritional status was assessed through anthropometry; intestinal parasites were diagnosed by formol-ether and Kato-Katz; and blood samples were collected to determine immunological markers including Th1/Th2 cytokines, IgE, and eosinophil levels. A total of 225 children participated in the study, all of whom had received deworming during the national campaign five months prior to the study. Trichuriasis and ascariasis prevalence were 22.2% and 20.4%, respectively. Stunting was associated with both age and trichuriasis, whereas ascariasis was associated with sex and household conditions. Helminth infections were strongly associated with eosinophilia and hyper-IgE as well as with a Th2-polarized response (increased levels of IL-13, IL-10, and IL4/IFN-γ ratios and decreased levels of IFN-γ). Pathogenic protozoa infections were associated with a Th1 response characterized by elevated levels of IFN-γ and decreased IL10/IFN-γ ratios. Even at low prevalence levels, STH infections affect children's nutrition and play a polarizing role in their immune system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Such findings are consistent with observations in studies conducted in Nigeria [47, 48], Ecuador [49], Venezuela [50], Spain [26], and Brazil [41, 51, 52]. Helminth-induced IgE is mostly characterized by a nonspecific polyclonal stimulation with only a small fraction of parasite-specific IgE.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Immune Profile of Honduran Schoolchildren with Intestinal Parasites: The Skewed Response against Geohelminths

Gabrie

Rueda

Rodríguez

et al. 2016

Journal of Parasitology Research

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“…The values of IgE in PA patients with ascariasis and giardiasis were 2.6 and 6.4 times as high as in control individuals, respectively. It should be emphasised that elevated IgE levels were found in PA patients with parasites as well as in patients free of parasites.Elevated IgE responses are well documented in classical allergies to exogenous substances, such as toxins, irritants and xenobiotics [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Apparently, a high IgE level in PA patients could be connected to their expressed sensitisation to a number of allergens, including parasites.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pityriasis alba: Possible associations with intestinal helminths and pathogenic protozoa

Toychiev¹,

Mirzoeva

Davis³

et al. 2019

Int J Clin Pract

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Summary Background The aetiology of pityriasis alba (PA) remains uncertain, and children are at risk for PA and intestinal parasites. Aim To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in PA patients and to evaluate their possible role in PA pathogenesis. Methods Overall, 180 PA patients and 100 healthy individuals were enrolled. Intestinal parasites were diagnosed by triple coproscopy, and the total serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were determined by ELISA. PA patients with intestinal parasites were treated with conventional antiparasitic drugs. Patient response to antiparasitic therapy was evaluated after 6 weeks. Results The prevalence of intestinal parasites in PA patients and controls was 60 ± 3.6% and 32 ± 4.6%, respectively (P < .0001). Regardless of the parasite species among the PA patients and control individuals, the total IgE levels were significantly higher in PA patients (P ≤ .05). The highest values of IgE were found in PA patients with Hymenolepis nana (641.7 ± 46.3 IU/mL). The total IgE level in PA patients with parasites decreased after antiparasitic therapy, but the reduction was only significant in patients with H. nana (P < .05). Complete disappearance of hypopigmented patches was observed after the elimination of H. nana, Giardia lamblia and Enterobius vermicularis in 65 ± 10.6%, 48.7 ± 8.0% and 33.3 ± 8.2% of cases, respectively. In total, a positive clinical response to antiparasitic therapy was achieved in 60 ± 4.7% of infected PA patients. Conclusion A positive clinical response to antiparasitic therapy indicates the role of intestinal parasites in PA pathogenesis. Parasitological examination is justified by the recovery of 60 ± 4.7% of infected PA patients after the elimination of intestinal parasites.

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“…IL-10 downregulates the functions of immune cells that release pro-in ammatory cytokines, both preventing the elimination of worms and protecting the host against helminth infection-related symptoms. IL-6 is also described in the literature to increase signi cantly among populations infected with helminths [12]. However, the level of TNF-α is reported not to vary [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Circulating Cytokine Profiles of Polyparasitized Individuals in Gabon.

M’Bondoukwé¹,

Moutongo²,

Gbédandé³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Malaria, blood-borne filarial worms and intestinal parasites are all endemic in Gabon. This geographical co-distribution leads to polyparasitism and consequently, the possibility of immune-mediated interactions between different parasite species. Intestinal protozoa and helminths could modulate anti-malarial immunity, for example, thereby potentially increasing or reducing susceptibility to malaria. Methods: Blood and stool samples were collected during cross-sectional surveys in five provinces of Gabon. Parasitological diagnosis was performed to detect plasmodial parasites, Loa loa, Mansonella perstans, intestinal helminths (STH) and protozoan parasites. Nested PCR was used to detect submicroscopic plasmodial infection in individuals with negative blood smears. Cytometric Bead Array was used to quatify interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α in plasma of subjects with different parasitological profiles. Results: Median IL-6 and IL-10 levels and the median IL-10/TNF- α ration were all significantly higher among individuals with Plasmodium (P.) falciparum infection compared to other groups ( P ≤0.0001). The median TNF-α level and IL-10/IL-6 ratio were higher in subjects with STH ( P =0.09) and P. falciparum -intestinal protozoa co-infection ( P =0.04), respectively. IL-6 (r=-0.37; P ≤0.01) and IL-10 (r=-0.37; P ≤0.01) levels, and the IL-10/TNF-α ratio (r=-0.37; P ≤0.01) correlated negatively with age. Among children under five years old, the IL-10/TNF-α and IL-10/IL-6 ratios were higher in those with intestinal protozoan infections compared to uninfected children. The IL-10/TNF-α ratio was also higher in children aged 5-15 years and in adults harbouring blood-borne filariae compared to their control counterparts, whereas the IL-10/IL-6 ratio was lower in those aged 5-15 years with filariae and intestinal parasites but higher in adults with intestinal parasitic infections. Conclusion: Asymptomatic malaria is associated with a strong polarization towards a regulatory immune response, presenting high circulating levels of IL-10. P. falciparum/intestinal protozoa co-infections are associated with an enhanced IL-10 response. Immunity against malaria could differ according to age and carriage of other parasites.

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Serum Levels of Cytokines and IgE in Helminth-Infected Nigerian Pregnant Women and Children

Abstract: It could be concluded that altered cytokines expression in children and pregnant women with helminth infection might have some implications on need for deworming programs to improve pregnancy outcomes and vaccine responses.

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Immune Profile of Honduran Schoolchildren with Intestinal Parasites: The Skewed Response against Geohelminths

Immune Profile of Honduran Schoolchildren with Intestinal Parasites: The Skewed Response against Geohelminths

Pityriasis alba: Possible associations with intestinal helminths and pathogenic protozoa

Circulating Cytokine Profiles of Polyparasitized Individuals in Gabon.

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