Serum Levels of IL‐4, IL‐10, IL‐12, IL‐13 and IFN‐Gamma in Behçet's Disease

Abstract

Behçet's disease (BD) is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Although its pathogenesis is not fully understood, recent studies have suggested that immunological abnormalities and neutrophil hyperfunction may be involved in its etiology and pathophysiology. The immune system in BD can be characterized as a divergent cytokine production profile of the mixed Th1/Th2 cell type. In this study, we investigated the levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and interferon-g in the sera of patients with BD, in comparison with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and healthy controls, to determine the Th1/Th2 profile of the disease. The levels of IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 were found to be high in active BD patients, and IL-12 and interferon-gamma levels were lower in active BD patients than in inactive BD, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and control patients.

Investigation of the association between Toll-like receptor 2 gene polymorphisms and Behçet's disease in Japanese patients

“…The main function of TLRs is the induction of inflammatory cytokines and effector molecules; TLR4 induces the production of several T-helper (Th)-1 and Th2 cytokines [17]. Several studies [37][38][39][40] demonstrated a significant increase of Th1 cytokines (e.g., IL-1, IL-2, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-Â, and interferon-Ä in BD patients, suggesting that Th1 cytokines are predominant in BD, whereas a significant increase of some Th2 cytokines was also reported in BD patients [39,[41][42][43]. Therefore, TLR4-induced cytokines secretion in response to LPS and HSP may play an important role in the pathogenesis of BD.…”

Soluble tumour necrosis factor receptors sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 are produced at sites of inflammation and are markers of arthritis activity in Behçet's disease

“…More recently, cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors were measured in sera and synovial fluid (SF) with the aim of monitoring disease activity, and also to learn more about the underlying pathogenic mechanisms (5)(6)(7)(8). The chemokine IL-8 attracted particular interest because of its ability to recruit neutrophil granulocytes into the skin, a hallmark of BD (9).…”

Mollaret Meningitis may be Caused by Reactivation of Latent Cerebral Toxoplasmosis

“…In active Behçet uveitis, aqueous humor levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ , and IL-15 were higher compared with patients without uveitis. Mege et al, 1993;Sakane, Takeno, Suzuki, & Inaba, 1999;Frassanito, Dammacco, Cafforio, & Dammacco, 1999;Hamzaoui et al, 2002;Aridogan et al, 2003;Suzuki, Nara, & Suzuki, 2006;Ahn, Yu, Chung, & Park, 2006;Shukla et al, 2006 (Continued on next page) …”