Serum Neuritis from Tetanus Antitoxin

Bardenwerper, H. William

doi:10.1001/jama.1962.03050100017004

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This may result in serum sickness or anaphylaxis, which in some cases can be fatal. [2] A study into the hypersensitivity reactions caused by treatment with equine botulinum antitoxins showed that 9% of patients showed a hypersensitivity reaction to the antitoxin, [3] with a 2% rate of anaphylaxis. The incidence of serum sickness was directly linked with the amount of antitoxin received; patients who received more than 40 mL of antitoxin suffered significantly more serum sickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐immunoglobulin Responses to IgG, F(ab′)₂, and Fab Botulinum Antitoxins in Mice

Mayers

Veall

Bedford

et al. 2003

Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology

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Side effects to botulinum antitoxins, including anaphylaxis and serum sickness, are common. This is due to the immunogenicity of the antitoxin, which can be measured by the production of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies. An ideal botulinum antitoxin would elicit a minimal production of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies from a patient, aiding its safety. To investigate the immunogenicity of different immunoglobulin fragments, whole IgG, F(ab')2 and Fab botulinum antitoxins were administered to mice by either the intravenous or intramuscular route. The production of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies was measured over time after a single dose of antitoxin, and the anti-immunoglobulin antibodies isotyped. When administered by the intramuscular route, Fab showed significantly lower immunogenicity than IgG, while F(ab')2 had an immunogenicity that was intermediate between the two. When administered by the intravenous route there was no significant difference in immunogenicity between IgG and F(ab')2 antitoxins, although Fab antitoxin had a significantly lower immunogenicity than either IgG or F(ab')2. IgG antitoxin was significantly more immunogenic by the intramuscular route than by the intravenous route. Sheep IgG had a lower immunogenicity than goat IgG in mice. There was no significant difference in immunogenicity between the two dosing routes for either F(ab')2 or Fab antitoxin. The anti-antibodies were predominantly IgG1, suggesting a strong Th2 bias to the anti-antibody response. In all cases, Fab represents the least immunogenic form of antitoxin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐immunoglobulin Responses to IgG, F(ab′)₂, and Fab Botulinum Antitoxins in Mice

Mayers

Veall

Bedford

et al. 2003

Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology

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show abstract

“…obstetrician to be attended by junior staff. Mr England and Wales, 1958-1961, 1963 Tuberculosis and Cancer SIR,-In an annotation (June 1, p. 1430) the inverse relationship between numbers of deaths from tuberculosis and cancer was noted. In 1959 I made a study' of coexisting pulmonary tuberculosis in necropsy cases of carcinoma of the lung recorded in the files of the Pathology Department, Queen's University, Belfast.…”

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confidence: 98%

Human Tetanus Antitoxin

Freeman¹

1963

BMJ

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“…Eine dritte Toxoid-Injektion im Rahmen der Grundimmunisierung ist hier als besonders wichtig anzusehen. Als Antitoxine standen bis vor wenigen Jahren nur tierische Seren zur Verfügung, die zu schweren allergischen und anaphylaktischen Zwischenfällen mit zum Teil tödlichem Ausgang oder verschiedenen Dauerschäden geführt haben (1,9,11,24 Burkhardt (18,19), Clauberg ( 22) und ihre Mitarbeiter wollen einen positiven Effekt bei der Therapie gesehen haben. Einzelne Tetanusfälle trotz einer Prophylaxe mit TIG lassen einen gewissen Zweifel bestehen.…”

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Zum aktuellen Stand der Tetanus-Prophylaxe

Stallkamp¹,

Häring²,

Lc³

1974

Dtsch med Wochenschr

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Zum aktuellen Stand der Tetan us-Prophylaxe Der Wundstarrkrampf gehört auch heute noch zu den aktuellen Themen der Chirurgie, obwohl diese Krankheit durch eine konsequente Prophylaxe längst überwunden sein könnte. Bereits 1890 hatten y. Behring und Kitasato (5) mit der Herstellung eines Antitoxins einen ersten Weg zur Verhütung dieser Krankheit gewiesen. Und seit Einführung der Schutzimpfung 1927 (93) ist eine sichere Tetanus-Prophylaxe möglich, die in den letzten Jahren durch die Verwendung von humanem Antitoxin noch verbessert werden konnte (46, 59, 86, 99, 114). Die gegenüber früher abnehmende Tetanus-Morbidität und -Mortalität ist vorwiegend Folge einer zunehmenden Immunisierung, weniger der modernen Therapie. Die Letalität beträgt immer noch etwa 20 bis 50% (50, 73, 118, 129). Die Tetanus-Schutzimpfung gilt heute als eine der sichersten und ungefährlichsten Impfungen (20, 35, 56). Trotz vieler bekannter Impfschemata bleiben immer noch Fragen offen, und die Meinungen gehen in Einzelfragen erheblich auseinander. Bevor wir im folgenden anhand der Literatur die Probleme der Tetanus-Immunisierung erörtern, möchten wir versuchen, einige Begriffe zu erklären, die nicht immer einheitlich gebraucht werden.

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Serum Neuritis from Tetanus Antitoxin

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Anti‐immunoglobulin Responses to IgG, F(ab′)₂, and Fab Botulinum Antitoxins in Mice

Anti‐immunoglobulin Responses to IgG, F(ab′)₂, and Fab Botulinum Antitoxins in Mice

Human Tetanus Antitoxin

Zum aktuellen Stand der Tetanus-Prophylaxe

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Serum Neuritis from Tetanus Antitoxin

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Anti‐immunoglobulin Responses to IgG, F(ab′)2, and Fab Botulinum Antitoxins in Mice

Anti‐immunoglobulin Responses to IgG, F(ab′)2, and Fab Botulinum Antitoxins in Mice

Human Tetanus Antitoxin

Zum aktuellen Stand der Tetanus-Prophylaxe

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Anti‐immunoglobulin Responses to IgG, F(ab′)₂, and Fab Botulinum Antitoxins in Mice

Anti‐immunoglobulin Responses to IgG, F(ab′)₂, and Fab Botulinum Antitoxins in Mice