Serum Serotonin Elevated Cartinoid Tumor of the Larynx

Kumai, Megumi; Arakawa, Takuya; Nakane, Tsukasa; Shinohara, Hiroshi; Uchida, Shoji; Yanai, Osamu; Ando, Motomi

doi:10.5426/larynx1989.8.1_53

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“… 14 , 15 There are also differences in the optimal therapeutic management as this differs not only between NEC and SCC but also within the various types of NEC. 8 – 10 , 12 A radical surgical approach is recommended in WD-NEC and MD-NEC; and in the latter this is accompanied by laterocervical neck dissection as it is possible to develop micrometastases in the early stages of this cancer. 14 The most effective approach to the treatment of these lesions is yet to be determined: currently, it seems that only early and aggressive therapies with a multimodal approach can be considered ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paraneoplastic syndromes related to neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx are extremely rare but can cause severe symptoms and almost always correlate with poor prognosis ( Table 2 ). 1 – 4 , 6 – 11 It is debated whether newly diagnosed cases of laryngeal NEC should be screened for one of the PNS already reported in the literature in the 10 existing cases (carcinoid syndrome, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, Lambert-Eaton, ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone) ( Table 1 ). 1 – 4 , 6 Considering these 10 cases, the estimated incidence of PNS in patients with a laryngeal NEC is approximately 2.3%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An early diagnosis of a PNS (and its subsequent treatment) can have positive effects on the general clinical outcome, with more appropriate direct therapy on the tumour and an improvement in quality of life. [8][9][10][11][12] Of the 10 PNS related to laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma reported in literature, nine of these syndromes were of an endocrine type. 2 In one case, the PNS linked to the laryngeal cancer (an SmCC) had a neurological manifestation, which was LEMS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 8 , 9 A PNS can sometimes accompany the neoplasm and therefore be useful in monitoring its evolution. 8 – 11 A diagnosis is achieved by an endocrinological, neurological, radiological and histological multidisciplinary approach. An early diagnosis of a PNS (and its subsequent treatment) can have positive effects on the general clinical outcome, with more appropriate direct therapy on the tumour and an improvement in quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a rare case report and literature review

et al. 2021

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This current report describes a rare clinical case of neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the larynx with associated Lambert-Eaton myasthenic paraneoplastic syndrome (LEMS). A 68-year-old male patient presented with severe dysphonia and dysphagia. He underwent a total laryngectomy and the excised lesion was extremely large. A pathological examination demonstrated ‘morphological findings of a poorly differentiated carcinoma (G3) with aspects of neuroendocrine differentiation’ (i.e. a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas [PD-NEC]). Based on the patient’s medical history and the immunohistochemical findings, he was treated with three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin–etoposide) and then radiotherapy with a total dose of 70 Gy. Of the 10 cases of paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) related to laryngeal NEC reported in the literature, nine of these syndromes were of an endocrine type. Only one case of PNS associated with laryngeal cancer had a neurological manifestation, which was LEMS. To the best of our knowledge, this current case has only one similar precedent in the literature and it is the second report of an association between a PD-NEC and LEMS. Laryngeal NECs are rare lesions with different prognostic characteristics. The diagnosis should be made using an endocrinological, neurological, radiological and histological multidisciplinary approach. A radical surgical approach is recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a rare case report and literature review

et al. 2021

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“…Most neuroendocrine malignancies of the larynx reported in the literature were nonfunctional and, therefore, without clinical syndromes [1,12,44,45]. Five cases of laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (one well differentiated, one large cell, and three moderately differentiated) with a carcinoid syndrome were reported [46][47][48][49][50]. The case described by Overholt et al [48] as moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma has recently been considered to have been a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (Leon Barnes and James S. Lewis Jr., personal communication, 2019).…”

Section: Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraneoplastic Syndromes Associated with Laryngeal Cancer

et al. 2019

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Objectives: Paraneoplastic syndromes occur rarely in association with laryngeal cancer. When present, the syndrome may be the first sign of the malignancy. The aim of the present study was to review and report on all published cases in the international literature. Methods: A search of PubMed was conducted for ''paraneoplastic syndromes in laryngeal cancer'' without any restrictions on language or publication year. The full texts of all relevant articles were reviewed and all cases of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with any type of laryngeal cancer were extracted and analyzed. Results: We identified 59 cases of paraneoplastic syndromes related to laryngeal cancer in the literature published from 1963 until recently. There were 46 squamous cell carcinomas and 10 neuroendocrine carcinomas. Twenty-two of the paraneoplastic syndromes involved the endocrine system, 21 were dermatologic or cutaneous, 8 neurologic, 5 osteoarticular or rheumatologic, 1 ocular, 1 muscular, and 1 hematologic. Treatment strategies included surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and often multimodal therapy, depending on the histology and stage of the laryngeal cancer. Conclusions: Because of their rarity, paraneoplastic syndromes associated with laryngeal cancer are difficult to diagnose. By presenting and systematically reviewing all published cases in the international literature, the present review may help clinicians to recognize them and to suspect the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer at an earlier stage than otherwise might be possible.

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Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with primary head and neck cancer

Ferlito

Elsheikh

Manni

et al. 2007

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Paraneoplastic syndromes represent the clinical manifestations of the indirect and remote effects produced by tumor metabolites or other products. The clinical spectrum of the various paraneoplastic syndromes related to primary malignancies of the head and neck region is presented. A review of the literature on paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with primary head and neck cancer was carried out. Paraneoplastic syndromes related to primary malignancies of the head and neck region can be categorized as: endocrine, cutaneous or dermatologic, hematologic, neurologic, osteoarticular or rheumatologic, ocular syndromes. Sometimes, paraneoplastic syndromes can be more serious than the consequences of the primary tumor itself and can precede, follow or be concurrent to the diagnosis of a malignancy; moreover, they can dominate the clinical picture and thus lead to errors with respect to the origin and type of the primary tumor. Physicians who deal with cancer-associated syndromes should be able to differentiate the paraneoplastic syndromes from the benign disorders that mimic them. Patients with a suspected paraneoplastic disorder should undergo a complete panel of laboratory studies, in addition to imaging studies and endoscopy. Identification of paraneoplastic syndromes allow the clinician to make an early diagnosis and to provide adequate treatment of tumors, with a favorable oncologic outcome and improved life expectancy for the patient. These syndromes can follow the clinical course of the tumor and thus be useful for monitoring its evolution.

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Serum Serotonin Elevated Cartinoid Tumor of the Larynx

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a rare case report and literature review

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a rare case report and literature review

Paraneoplastic Syndromes Associated with Laryngeal Cancer

Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with primary head and neck cancer

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