Serum T helper 1 cytokine levels are greater in patients with alopecia areata regardless of severity or atopy

Barahmani, Nazila; López, Adriana; Babu, Dilip; Hernandez, Mike; Donley, S. E.; Duvic, Madeleine

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03523.x

Cited by 65 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In contrast, IFN-γ can induce collapse of hair follicle immune privilege [17]. Increased levels of Th1 serum cytokines (IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-γ) are present in patients with AA [19]. Significantly elevated levels of serum IFN-γ have been noticed in patients with alopecia universalis and alopecia totalis compared with patients with single or multiple patchy AA [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alopecia Areata: Infiltration of Th17 Cells in the Dermis, Particularly around Hair Follicles

et al. 2013

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Background: The precise pathogenesis of alopecia areata remains unknown, although this disease seems to be triggered by helper T cell infiltration in hair follicles. Recent studies of psoriasis and vitiligo have demonstrated the involvement of Th17 cells. Psoriasis and vitiligo occasionally develop concomitantly or inversely in patients with alopecia areata. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether Th17 cells are present in the affected lesions of alopecia areata. Methods: We performed immunofluorescent staining of representative immunocompetent cells that had infiltrated into the skin of the scalp in 4 individuals with alopecia areata (single patchy alopecia areata, multiple patchy alopecia areata, alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis). Results: We found the infiltration of CD4⁺IL-17A⁺ Th17 cells in the dermis, particularly around hair follicles, in all 4 cases. Conclusions: These findings suggest the possibility that alopecia areata is induced by a Th17 cell-associated autoimmune mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alopecia Areata: Infiltration of Th17 Cells in the Dermis, Particularly around Hair Follicles

et al. 2013

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“…The researchers stated that these findings could be interpreted as an indication that Th1-type cytokines might be critical for progression to the extensive form and that Th2-type cytokines may exert a more subtle influence of a cell-mediated attack on hair follicles. Barahmani et al [19] analyzed the serum cytokine profiles in 269 patients with AA and found that increased IL-2 levels were associated with AA regardless of the disease severity. Their study suggests that there is a Th1 response early in the disease, as patients with transient AA had higher serum IL-2 levels than patients with longer duration of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Levels of Interleukin-2 in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Relationship with Clinical Type and Duration of the Disease

Kasumagić-Halilovic

Čavaljuga

Ovčina-Kurtović

et al. 2018

Skin Appendage Disord

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Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a disease characterized by focally, nonscarring hair loss on the scalp or any hair-bearing surface. The etiology is unknown, although the evidence suggests that AA is an immunologically mediated disease. In the pathogenesis of AA, Th1 immune response is predominant. A special cytokine profile is created by Th1 cells, which disturbs the natural balance of the cytokine networks and leads to inflammatory reaction and follicle damage. Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate serum concentrations of IL-2 in patients with AA and healthy subjects. We also examined a possible association between serum levels of IL-2, disease severity, and duration of AA. Methods: Sixty patients with AA and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Serum concentrations of IL-2 were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay techniques. Results: Comparison of mean values of IL-2 has showed that serum concentrations of this cytokine are significantly higher in serum samples of AA patients in relation to the control group (22.2 ± 1.19 vs. 21.1 ± 2.68 pg/mL, respectively; p = 0.0142). No correlations were found between clinical type, duration of the disease, and serum levels of IL-2. Conclusion: Our findings support the evidence that elevation of serum IL-2 is associated with AA. The exact role of serum IL-2 in AA should be additionally investigated in future studies.

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“…Elevated expression of IL-12 has been found in skin lesions from patients with alopecia areata and C3H / HeJ AA mice. 6 Another cytokine of the IL-12 family is IL-23. IL-23 shares with IL-12 the p40 subunit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alopecia areata developing paralell to improvement of psoriasis during ustekinumab therapy

Słowińska¹,

Kardynał²,

Warszawik³

et al. 2010

J Dermatol Case Rep

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Background: Ustekinumab is a new immunosuppressive anti-psoriasis agent. The drug targets the p40 subunit of IL-12 and IL-23 and indirectly inhibits cytokine production by Th17 cells.Main Observations: We present a case of a 36-year-old male patient with psoriasis, who received ustekinumab therapy, applied in 45mg subcutaneous injections at week 0, 4 and than every 12 weeks. After 7 months of therapy PASI decreased from 10,1 to 0,9. At this phase of therapy he developed two patches of alopecia areata on the scalp. The diagnosis was made based on clinical appearance and was confirmed by trichoscopy (hair and scalp dermoscopy) and reflectance confocal microscopy. The development of alopecia areata was preceded by emotional stress and dental infection.Conclusion: Ustekinumab seems an unlikely cause of alopecia areata in this patient. However, lack of efficacy is preventing hair loss may indicate that interleukin-12 cytokine family is not a key player in pathogenesis of alopecia areata.

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Serum T helper 1 cytokine levels are greater in patients with alopecia areata regardless of severity or atopy

Abstract: Increased Th1 serum cytokines (IL-2, IL-12 and interferon-gamma) and IL-1ra levels are associated with AA regardless of disease severity or the presence of atopy.

Cited by 65 publications

References 25 publications

Alopecia Areata: Infiltration of Th17 Cells in the Dermis, Particularly around Hair Follicles

Alopecia Areata: Infiltration of Th17 Cells in the Dermis, Particularly around Hair Follicles

Serum Levels of Interleukin-2 in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Relationship with Clinical Type and Duration of the Disease

Alopecia areata developing paralell to improvement of psoriasis during ustekinumab therapy

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