Serum thyroid hormone evaluation during transition periods in dairy cows

Fiore, Enrico; Piccione, Giuseppe; Gianesella, Matteo; Praticò, V.; Vazzana, Irene; Dara, Salvatore; Morgante, Massimo

doi:10.5194/aab-58-403-2015

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In our trail, the highest average concentration of NEFA was detected in the first week after calving (1.05± 0.50mmol/L). These results might be linked to enhanced gluconeogenesis that occurs at the end of gestation [32,33], leading to an increased concentration of free fatty acids in the blood before calving [30] and reaching the highest values after calving [34,35]. These levels of NEFA obviously did not reach the levels that could influence the phagocytic ability of neutrophils, which corresponds with the findings of previous study [36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Neutrophil phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity of dairy cows during the transition period and early lactation

Zekic-Stosic

Kanački

Stojanović

et al. 2018

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Hormonal and metabolic changes, as well as energy imbalance, can affect health, production and reproductive performance of dairy cows. In the present study, we evaluated phagocytosis and respiratory burst neutrophil activity during the transition period and early lactation and compared it with biochemical and hematological parameters in dairy cows. Methodology: Simmental cows (n = 21) were enrolled in the study. Whole blood samples were collected weekly from 3 weeks pre- calving until 6 weeks post calving. Basic metabolic and blood parameters were assessed by routine laboratory analyses, while neutrophil functions were analyzed by commercial test kits. Results: Optimal neutrophil response was observed pre and post calving. The highest value was recorded in the 6th week after calving (89.54 ± 7.61%) and being significantly higher (p < 0.01) as compared to values recorded at two and one week before and one week after calving. The percentage of activated neutrophils was high during the entire study period: from 70.80 ± 5.22% at the beginning of the study to 89.54 ± 7.61% at the end of the study. During the study period, production of Reactive Oxidative Species by neutrophils was positively correlated with β-hydroxybutyrat and non-esterified fatty acids values (0.454** and 0.423**, respectively) and calcium levels (0.164* and 0.212**, respectively). Conclusions: The most prominent changes in all parameters had no influence on phagocytic and respiratory burst activity of neutrophils. Neutrophil function is preserved at the optimal level during the transition period and early lactation in Simmental cows.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Neutrophil phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity of dairy cows during the transition period and early lactation

Zekic-Stosic

Kanački

Stojanović

et al. 2018

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…The peripartal period is the most demanding in terms of herd health management (Walsh et al, 2011;Fiore et al, 2014Fiore et al, , 2015. The increased energy demands of foetal development and milk production are evident in transition dairy cows (Arfuso et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk fatty acid composition as an indicator of energy status in Holstein dairy cows

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Transition dairy cows often enter a stage of negative energy balance during which the utilization of energy reserves is reflected in the milk fatty acid (FA) composition. In this study, metabolic status was evaluated by measuring milk FA, ruminal short-chain FA (RSCFA), and serum biochemical parameters in Holstein cows. Samples (milk, rumen contents, and blood) were collected around days 30 (early) and 150 (middle) of lactation, and rumen contents and blood samples were collected 30 days before calving (dry). Fatty acids were extracted and FA composition was determined. Glucose, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were determined in serum samples. Lower percentages of saturated FA in milk and higher percentages of monounsaturated FA, polyunsaturated FA, and C18:1n-9 were observed in early lactation compared to mid-lactation. In rumen higher concentrations of propionic acid were determined at mid-lactation compared to early lactation. Acetic and butyric acid concentrations showed no significant differences between sampling intervals. In serum higher glucose concentrations were observed during the dry period and mid-lactation than during early lactation. Lower BHB and higher NEFA concentrations were noted during early lactation compared to mid-lactation and the dry period. Total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triacylglycerols showed no significant differences between sampling intervals. The results of the present study suggest that determination of milk FA is a potential indicator of energy status in dairy cows.

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“…Our results confirm that the act of parturition in cows is accompanied by marked changes in circulating thyroid hormones with a signifi cant decrease in T3, T4 and TSH levels. The reduction of serum thyroid hormones levels found at post-partum, probably is a reflection of the decreased hormone secretion rate due to energy deficiency, as well as to the large demand for these hormones by the mammary gland [23]. Moreover, the decreased serum concentration of thyroid hormones has been described as an adaptation to NEB [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Thyroid Hormones Levels and Metabolism in Dairy Cows around Calving

et al. 2017

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The hormonal activity of the thyroid gland has an important role in ruminants for the modulation of metabolic variables. In this study changes in thyroid hormones and biochemical parameters in dairy cows around calving were evaluated and the critical thyroid hormones thresholds for predicting the risk of ketosis were estimated. Blood samples were collected from 82 dairy cows at 5±3 days pre-partum and 5±3 days postpartum. Serum values of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), non-esterifi ed fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), insulin, glucose, Ca, Cl, Mg, P, K, Na, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and urea were evaluated. Signifi cant decrease in the levels of T3, T4 and TSH was found in the postpartum period. The values of T3 and T4 were negatively correlated with NEFA and BHB levels, and TSH values were negatively correlated with NEFA. A critical T3 threshold was found by means of ROC analysis for predicting the risk of ketosis. T3 values < 1.23 nmol/L were associated with BHB > 1.10 mmol/L in postpartum, which represents the BHB threshold commonly used as the indicator of hyperketonaemia.The results confi rm that the peripartum period is accompanied by marked changes in circulating thyroid hormone profile that is correlated with lipomobilization predictors.

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Serum thyroid hormone evaluation during transition periods in dairy cows

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Neutrophil phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity of dairy cows during the transition period and early lactation

Neutrophil phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity of dairy cows during the transition period and early lactation

Milk fatty acid composition as an indicator of energy status in Holstein dairy cows

Changes in Thyroid Hormones Levels and Metabolism in Dairy Cows around Calving

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