Serum YKL‐40 as a marker of disease activity and stricture formation in patients with Crohn's disease

Erzın, Yusuf; Uzun, Hafize; Karataş, Adem; Çelık, Aykut Ferhat

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.05121.x

Cited by 49 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is usually generated by neutrophils, macrophages and cancerous cells and has been shown to play a role in cell proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis, inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling 5) . Recent studies have shown that a high YKL-40 level is associated with an increased disease activity and poor prognosis in patients with cancer, ischemic cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and hepatic fibrosis [6][7][8][9][10] . Moreover, a strong relationship between the YKL-40 level and endothelial dysfunction has recently been demonstrated, particularly in diabetic populations and individuals with a history of renal transplantation [11][12][13] .…”

Section: Endothelial Function Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Serum YKL-40 Level is Associated with Vascular Injury and Predicts Proteinuria in Nephrotic Syndrome Patients

Koçyiğit

Güngör

Doğan

et al. 2015

JAT

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Aim: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is associated with an increased rate of cardiovascular events. The YKL-40 level is associated with atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction and proteinuria in renal and non-renal populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between the YKL-40 level and both vascular injury and proteinuria in NS patients. Methods: Sixty-nine NS patients and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in the present study. The endothelial function was assessed according to the flow mediated dilatation (FMD) and the degree of arterial stiffness was determined based on the pulse wave velocity (PWV). The serum YKL-40 levels were measured using ELISA. Results: The YKL-40 levels and PWV values were higher and the FMD values were lower in the NS patients than in the healthy controls. However, the CA-IMT and LVEF levels were not statistically different between the two groups. The patients were divided into three groups with respect to the extent of proteinuria: the normoproteinuria group (n:18), non-nephrotic proteinuria group (n:33) and nephrotic proteinuria group (n:18). Consequently, the YKL-40 levels and PWV values were significantly increased and the FMD values were decreased in the nephrotic proteinuria group compared to that observed in both the non-nephrotic proteinuria and normoproteinuria groups.

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Section: Endothelial Function Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Serum YKL-40 Level is Associated with Vascular Injury and Predicts Proteinuria in Nephrotic Syndrome Patients

Koçyiğit

Güngör

Doğan

et al. 2015

JAT

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“…31 Serum levels of YKL-40, which is released by activated macrophages and neutrophils and promotes myofibroblast-induced collagen secretion, are higher in the serum of Crohn's disease patients than in control subjects. 33,34 However, the comparison of serum YKL-40 between stricturing and unstricturing phenotypes produced contradictory results in two studies. 33,34 In keeping with the pro-angiogenic and pro-fibrogenic role played in liver fibrosis, 2 VEGF is increased in the serum of Crohn's disease patients 31,32 and also correlates with colour Doppler signal intensity, leading to the consideration of VEGF as biomarker of angiogenesis in Crohn's disease.…”

Section: Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33,34 However, the comparison of serum YKL-40 between stricturing and unstricturing phenotypes produced contradictory results in two studies. 33,34 In keeping with the pro-angiogenic and pro-fibrogenic role played in liver fibrosis, 2 VEGF is increased in the serum of Crohn's disease patients 31,32 and also correlates with colour Doppler signal intensity, leading to the consideration of VEGF as biomarker of angiogenesis in Crohn's disease. 32 Similarly, the pro-fibrogenic/proangiogenic PDGF, which is able to increase the production of collagen but not that of TIMP-1, is high in the serum of IBD patients.…”

Section: Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of intestinal fibrosis – one step towards clinical trials for stricturing inflammatory bowel disease

Giuffrida

Pinzani

Corazza

et al. 2016

United European Gastroenterology Journal

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Intestinal fibrosis, caused by an excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components, and subsequent stricture development are a common complication of inflammatory bowel disease. However, currently there are no biomarkers which reliably predict the risk of developing intestinal strictures or identify early stages of fibrosis prior to clinical symptoms. Candidate biomarkers of intestinal fibrosis, including gene variants (i.e. nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 gene), serum microRNAs (miR-19, miR-29), serum extracellular matrix proteins (i.e. collagen, fibronectin) or enzymes (i.e. tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1), serum growth factors (i.e. basic fibroblast growth factor, YKL-40), serum anti-microbial antibodies (i.e. anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and circulating cells (i.e. fibrocytes) have shown conflicting results on relatively heterogeneous patients' cohorts, and none of them was proven to be strictly specific for fibrostenosis, but rather predictive of a disease disabling course. In this review we critically reassess the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum biomarkers of intestinal fibrosis in inflammatory bowel disease.

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“…YKL-40 has been reported to be a marker for liver fibrosis [57]. It is also increased when intestinal strictures are present, but the correlation coefficient is only r = 0.457 and serum levels are also increased during active inflammation [58] making this marker not a good candidate for a surrogate marker in clinical trials. …”

Section: Why Do We Have No Clinical Trials On the Prevention Of Intesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Therapeutic Avenues for Treatment of Fibrosis: Can We Learn from Other Diseases?

Rogler

2014

Dig Dis

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Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by the frequent occurrence of complications, such as fibrotic strictures and subsequently the need for CD-related surgery. Chronic or recurrent inflammation is generally regarded to be a necessary precondition for the initiation of intestinal fibrosis. In this view, fibrosis is a pathologically augmented healing response to inflammation-induced mucosal tissue destruction and injury. At present, there are no approved or effective medical therapies aimed specifically at fibrosis or stricture in IBD. Indirect benefits may occur from anti-inflammatory therapies, although there is no consensus on this. Therapy for fibrosis is complicated by the fact that a wound-healing response is essential in CD and ulcerative colitis. Several pharmaceutical companies are now working on the therapy of fibrosis in other diseases. Strategies interfering with TGF-β expression and activation are promising. Pirfenidone has been studied in several clinical trials. Further therapeutic options are second-generation and wide-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitors. These inhibit growth factor receptor signaling, thus reducing fibrosis in animal models and some patients with tumor-associated fibrosis. At present, the development of antifibrotic therapies takes place in other diseases such as lung and liver fibrosis. This is partially due to a lack of experimental models for gut fibrosis and the fact that reliable readouts (MRI, serum markers) in patients are lacking. It will be important to test the above-mentioned newly available treatment strategies in IBD to profit from progress in other fibrotic diseases.

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Serum YKL‐40 as a marker of disease activity and stricture formation in patients with Crohn's disease

Abstract: Patients with CD, particularly those with a stricture formation, have significantly higher levels of YKL-40. YKL-40 seems to be a useful marker of disease activity as well as stricture formation in patients with CD.

Cited by 49 publications

References 33 publications

The Serum YKL-40 Level is Associated with Vascular Injury and Predicts Proteinuria in Nephrotic Syndrome Patients

The Serum YKL-40 Level is Associated with Vascular Injury and Predicts Proteinuria in Nephrotic Syndrome Patients

Biomarkers of intestinal fibrosis – one step towards clinical trials for stricturing inflammatory bowel disease

New Therapeutic Avenues for Treatment of Fibrosis: Can We Learn from Other Diseases?

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