Sestryny jako modulatory procesów starzenia i chorób związanych z wiekiem*

Abstract

Sestrins are highly conserved proteins that regulate cell growth, metabolism, survival and proliferation under oxidative stress, genotoxic stress, hypoxia or endoplasmic reticulum stress. Sestrins affect cell signaling by inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species, activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), inhibiting the mTOR pathway and acting as a positive regulator of autophagy. Therefore, their protective role against cancer, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegeneration is increasingly being postulated. The article describes the mechanisms of action of sestrins and their meaning in aging and age-related diseases. The latest studies indicating their physiological significance and role in key signaling pathways controlling the cell metabolism and survival under stress conditions were also discussed.

Does Selection for Longevity in Acheta domesticus Involve Sirtuin Activity Modulation and Differential Response to Activators (Resveratrol and Nanodiamonds)?

“…Longevity, which is still a subject of open discussion, requires ongoing findings in interdisciplinary research as it represents a stage in the quest to identify common traits among different organisms and (typically) attempt to extrapolate these findings to humans [1][2][3]. Therefore, investigating the same species, even with distinctions such as different populations or, as in the case of crickets, various strains, emerges as a crucial aspect in unraveling the complexities of sirtuin activity.…”

“…This intricate process arises from external environmental factors and internal genetic influences [1]. Numerous theories highlight pivotal elements that expedite the aging process, including factors such as UV radiation, cellular oxidative stress, genetic mutations, underlying diseases, and even deficiencies in essential nutrients [2,3]. The subjects of anti-aging and longevity have perpetually intrigued the scientific community, spanning several decades of dedicated research.…”