Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Management and Reconfiguration of a Radiology Department in an Infectious Disease Situation

Tsou, I. Y. Y.; Goh, Jeffrey Seow Kuang; Kaw, Gregory; Chee, T. S. G.

doi:10.1148/radiol.2291030789

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…As radiological workup of suspected SARS patients typically included a chest x-ray or CT, these patients would need to come to the RD for initial and follow-up imaging [67]. have been no new reported cases of SARS after 2004, a lasting beneficial legacy of this pandemic has been the development of isolation protocols, proper configuration of the RD, cleaning of radiology equipment, along with patient and HCWs safety protocols that will be available if a future, similar outbreak occurs [68].…”

Section: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Health Care–Associated Infections and the Radiology Department

Ilyas

Burbridge

Babyn

2019

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences

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Health care-associated infections (HCAIs) are a significant concern for both health care workers (HCWs) and patients. They are a major contributing factor of disease in industrialized countries, and are responsible for significant morbidity, mortality, and a direct annual financial loss of $6-7 billion in North America alone. They are an increasingly challenging health issue due to multidrug-resistant pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci among others, along with an increasing number of susceptible patients. Over the last three decades, the risk of HCAIs has increased in the radiology department (RD) in part because of an increased number of patients visiting the department and an increase in the utilization of imaging modalities. In this review, we will discuss how patients and staff can be exposed to HCAIs in the RD, including contaminated inanimate surfaces, radiology equipment, and associated medical devices. As the role of medical imaging has extended from primarily diagnosis to include more interventions, the implementation and development of standardized infection minimization protocols and infection control procedures are vital in the RD, particularly in interventional radiology. With globalisation and the rapid movement of people regionally, nationally, and globally, there is greater risk of exposure to contagious diseases such as Ebola, especially if infected patients are undiagnosed when they travel. For effective infection control, advanced training and education of HCWs in the RD is essential.The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of HCAIs as related to activities of the RD. We will discuss the following major topics including the variety of HCAIs commonly encountered, the role of the RD in HCAIs, transmission of infections to patients and HCWs in the RD, standard infection prevention measures, and the management of susceptible/infected patients in the RD. We shall also examine the role of, and the preparedness of, HCWs, including RD technologists and interventional radiologists, who may be exposed to undiagnosed, yet infected patients. We shall conclude with a brief discussion of the role of further research related to HCAIs. Learning ObjectivesAfter the completion of this review article, the readers will Understand the exposure and role of radiology department in health care-associated infections, Know the causes/modes/transmission of infections in radiology department, Be conscious of standard disinfection protocols, Be aware of current and future strategies required for the effective control of health care-associated infection in the radiology department. This is a CME article and provides the equivalent of 2 hours of continuing education that may be applied to your professional development credit system. A 10-question multiple-choice quiz follows this reading. Please note that no formalized credit (category A) is available from CAMRT.

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Section: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Health Care–Associated Infections and the Radiology Department

Ilyas

Burbridge

Babyn

2019

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences

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“…Interestingly, the scientific literature reports some experiences regarding the investigation and the control of potential risks related to the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) contamination within a radiological department (6)(7)(8)(9). Other studies were conducted in China and Taiwan during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic (10)(11)(12)(13). The Disease Control Bureau of these countries identified the radiological department as a setting with high-level risk of infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological contamination of radiological equipment

et al. 2014

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“…98,99 Images should be interpreted through a picture-archiving and communication system, if available. 84,97,100 For ultrasound scanning, a sonographic scanner should be designated as a portable radiograph that is only used for HID patients. One machine should be dedicated for a specifi c area such as the HLIU.…”

Section: Radioimaging: Ct and Mri Chest Radiography And Ultrasonogrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients should be transported in a special isolation carrier or in a defi ned way to avoid any contact with other patients or unprotected personnel. 58,100 The department should be divided into low-risk and high-risk areas. After a CT scan, the gantry table and fl oor should be cleaned, and any bed linen should be changed.…”

Section: Radioimaging: Ct and Mri Chest Radiography And Ultrasonogrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection control in the management of highly pathogenic infectious diseases: consensus of the European Network of Infectious Disease

Brouqui

Puro

Fusco

et al. 2009

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

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The European Network for Infectious Diseases (EUNID) is a network of clinicians, public health epidemiologists, microbiologists, infection control, and critical-care doctors from the European member states, who are experienced in the management of patients with highly infectious diseases. We aim to develop a consensus recommendation for infection control during clinical management and invasive procedures in such patients. After an extensive literature review, draft recommendations were amended jointly by 27 partners from 15 European countries. Recommendations include repetitive training of staff to ascertain infection control, systematic use of cough and respiratory etiquette at admission to the emergency department, fluid sampling in the isolation room, and analyses in biosafety level 3/4 laboratories, and preference for point-of-care bedside laboratory tests. Children should be cared for by paediatricians and intensive-care patients should be cared for by critical-care doctors in high-level isolation units (HLIU). Invasive procedures should be avoided if unnecessary or done in the HLIU, as should chest radiography, ultrasonography, and renal dialysis. Procedures that require transport of patients out of the HLIU should be done during designated sessions or hours in secure transport. Picture archiving and communication systems should be used. Post-mortem examination should be avoided; biopsy or blood collection is preferred.

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Management and Reconfiguration of a Radiology Department in an Infectious Disease Situation

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Health Care–Associated Infections and the Radiology Department

Health Care–Associated Infections and the Radiology Department

Microbiological contamination of radiological equipment

Infection control in the management of highly pathogenic infectious diseases: consensus of the European Network of Infectious Disease

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