Severe Chronic Nonlichenoid Oral Mucositis in Pembrolizumab-Treated Patients: New Cases and a Review of the Literature

Amy, Dalit Porat Ben; Shalabi, Akram; Finfter, Ori; Birenzweig, Yonatan; Zadik, Yehuda

doi:10.2217/imt-2019-0162

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Previously, also reported a single palate SM in a patient using pembrolizumab. In both cases, the SMs emerged in inflammatory sites which are associated with oral reactions to immune checkpoint inhibitors (immune-related adverse events) ( 19 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superficial mucoceles in cancer patients: a retrospective series from a Stomatology unit

Heguedusch

Tomo²,

Almeida³

et al. 2020

Med Oral

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Background The aim of this study is to relate all the superficial mucoceles found in a cancer center, described the association with oncological conditions, and discuss its etiology and pathology that we found in the past few years. Material and Methods Sixteen cases of superficial mucocele were retrieved from the patients’ records of the Stomatology Department of the A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil, and demographic and clinical data were collected from electronic medical records. Results There were 16 patients, 8 patients were men and 8 women, with ages varying from 26 to 70 years old. Superficial mucoceles were observed in patients submitted to head and neck radiotherapy ( n =6), graft versus host disease ( n =4), one associated with oral mucositis related to allogenic bone marrow stem cells transplantation ( n =1), systemic lupus ( n =1), Sjögren’s syndrome ( n =1), oral lichenoid lesion associated with pembrolizumab ( n =1) and no local or systemic inflammatory associated found ( n =2). Conclusions This study reports a series of superficial mucoceles from a single stomatology unit. Most patients had superficial mucoceles secondary to head and neck radiotherapy and graft versus host diseases. However, two patients (12.5%) had mucoceles related to systemic inflammatory conditions (Sjögren’s Syndrome and Systemic Lupus). Key words: Superficial mucocele, oncological treatment, oral lesions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superficial mucoceles in cancer patients: a retrospective series from a Stomatology unit

Heguedusch

Tomo²,

Almeida³

et al. 2020

Med Oral

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“…The impact of the irAEs in terms of immediate effect on the ongoing cancer therapy, severity of symptoms, chronicity of the irAEs, and development of oral cancer were assessed. This paper does not include patients who were described by us in previous published works [9,10].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oral irAEs reportedly involve the oral mucosa and salivary glands [7,8], manifesting mainly as lichenoid and non-lichenoid lesions and salivary gland dysfunction, respectively [9][10][11]. Dysgeusia is reported sparsely, as well as anecdotal reports of medicationrelated osteonecrosis of the jaw and oral burning sensation [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy-Related Oral Adverse Effects: Immediate Sequelae, Chronicity and Secondary Cancer

Elad,

Yarom,

Zadik

2023

Cancers

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(1) Background: Immunotherapy-related adverse effects (irAEs) have been reported to manifest in oral tissues, mainly as lichenoid and non-lichenoid lesions and salivary gland dysfunction; however, the characterization of oral irAEs and their clinical impact is limited. (2) Methods: This is a retrospective clinical chart review of 14 patients with oral irAEs, describing the impact of the oral irAEs in terms of the immediate effect, treatment, chronicity of the irAEs and the development of oral cancer. (3) Results: Common symptoms were pain and dry mouth, causing no-to-severe pain and/or dry mouth sensation. The immediate sequala ranged from sensitivity to certain foods up to elimination of oral intake. Treatment included conventional palliation techniques with or without systemic steroids. Discontinuation of the immunotherapy agents was required in 6 patients. Innovative treatment modalities included photobiomodulation for oral mucosal pain relief, and salivary gland intraductal irrigations for relief of salivary gland hypofunction. Late sequala included the development of proliferative leukoplakia and oral cancer. (4) Conclusions: Patients treated with immunotherapy may develop debilitating oral irAEs. They should be followed for oral involvement so treatment may be initiated when the symptoms are mild to avoid discontinuation of the immunotherapy. Patients that develop oral lichenoid lesions should receive long-term follow-up, as they may have higher risk for oral cancer.

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“…Moreover, Amy et al reported severe chronic OM associated with pembrolizumab immunotherapy lasting for months even after the drug was stopped and representing the major cause of suffering and eating difficulties for cancer patients [28].…”

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confidence: 99%

Plant-Derived Polyphenols to Prevent and Treat Oral Mucositis Induced by Chemo- and Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers Management

Belfiore,

Di Prima,

Angellotti

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Oral Mucositis (OM) is the most common side effect due to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are the conventional treatment options for head and neck cancers. OM is a severe inflammatory condition characterized by multifactorial etiopathogenesis. It further negatively affects patients’ quality of life by severe impairment of normal oral functions. Consequently, it is mandatory to identify new effective therapeutic approaches to both prevent and treat OM while also avoiding any recurrence. Polyphenols recently attracted the interest of the scientific community due to their low toxicity and wide range of biological activities making them ideal candidates for several applications in the odontostomatological field, particularly against OM. This review collects the in vivo studies and the clinical trials conducted over the past 13 years evaluating the preventive and curative effects of several polyphenolic compounds towards chemo- and radiotherapy-induced OM, both when administered alone or as a plant-extracted phytocomplex. The literature fully confirms the usefulness of these molecules, thus opening the possibility of their clinical application. However, polyphenol limitations (e.g., unfavourable physicochemical properties and susceptibility to degradation) have emerged. Consequently, the interest of the scientific community should be focused on developing innovative delivery systems able to stabilize polyphenols, thus facilitating topical administration and maximizing their efficacy.

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Severe Chronic Nonlichenoid Oral Mucositis in Pembrolizumab-Treated Patients: New Cases and a Review of the Literature

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Superficial mucoceles in cancer patients: a retrospective series from a Stomatology unit

Superficial mucoceles in cancer patients: a retrospective series from a Stomatology unit

Immunotherapy-Related Oral Adverse Effects: Immediate Sequelae, Chronicity and Secondary Cancer

Plant-Derived Polyphenols to Prevent and Treat Oral Mucositis Induced by Chemo- and Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers Management

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