Severe Facial Fracture is Related to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

You, Nam Kyu; Choi, Mi Sun; Roh, Tae Hoon; Jeong, Dong Hwan; Kim, Se-Hyuk

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.11.166

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Pan facial trauma is the involvement of at least two of the three vertical third-upper, middle and lower one-third of face simultaneously [39]. The mechanism of injury includes road traffic/motor vehicle accidents, fall from height, slip down, assault, sports related, industrial accidents, gunshot wounds and animal-inflicted injuries [40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequencing of Fixation in Panfacial Fracture: A Systematic Review

Rajendran

Palanivel

Narayanan

et al. 2020

J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.

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Objective In panfacial fracture management, the controversy still exists in the sequencing of fixation. The purpose of this systematic review is to establish the best sequence pattern which assists in achieving definite facial width, vertical height and anteroposterior projection. Methods The review was conducted according to the ''Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses'' (PRISMA) guidelines. Two independent authors performed a comprehensive search of the PUBMED, EBSCO, J-Gate, SCOPUS and NDH for articles published up until December 2018. Sequence of fixation, timing of intervention, outcome, follow-up period and complications were evaluated for patients with panfacial fracture. Results In total, 202 articles were identified from the databases. After screening and full text analysis, 25 studies were included in this systematic review. Nineteen studies reported bottom-to-top sequence and two studies reported top-to-bottom approach. However, four studies reported both the approaches. The follow-up period ranges from 3 weeks to 4 years. Conclusion Based on the literature support and evidence, good and satisfactory outcome achieved in ''Bottom-top and outside-in'' sequence when compared with other sequence pattern. Early repair of panfacial fracture is advised for proper reduction and fixation, but can be delayed in accompanying life-threatening injuries.Complications are perceptible in all the sequences; it can be avoided by definitive treatment planning and stepwise management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequencing of Fixation in Panfacial Fracture: A Systematic Review

Rajendran

Palanivel

Narayanan

et al. 2020

J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.

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“…In a case—control study, Smith et al found that TBI was more prevalent in those with midface fractures than those without midface fractures ( p = 0.041). Furthermore, more severe facial damage, as indicated by higher facial ISS, has been associated with worse initial neurological condition and higher rates of parenchymal damage, edema of brain, and cerebral hematoma 629. The presence of a nasal fracture and other midface fractures may indicate that a higher force of impact was present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, more severe facial damage, as indicated by higher facial ISS, has been associated with worse initial neurological condition and higher rates of parenchymal damage, edema of brain, and cerebral hematoma. 6,29 The presence of a nasal fracture and other midface fractures may indicate that a higher force of impact was present. Therefore, although the presence of a nasal fracture alone may not warrant computed tomography imaging of the head, it certainly should be incorporated in the decision making of the provider given the significant risk (>50%) of concomitant TBI that our study and others have demonstrated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Analysis of Risk Factors for Nasal Fractures and Associated Injuries in Trauma

Pham

Lester

Grigorian

et al. 2019

Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction

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Nasal fractures account for up to 58% of facial fractures. However, the literature characterizing associated injuries and risk factors for nasal fractures is sparse and is mostly composed of single-center experiences. This study sought to provide a large descriptive analysis and identify associated injuries and risk factors for nasal fractures in trauma using a national database. A retrospective analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) from 2007 to 2015 was performed. Patients ≥18 years of age with nasal fractures were included. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify predictors for nasal fracture in trauma. Of 5,494,609 trauma patients in the NTDB, 255,533 (4.6%) had a nasal fracture. Most were male (74.8%) with a mean age of 45.6 years. Blunt trauma accounted for 90.5% of fractures, with motor vehicle accident being the most common mechanism (27.5%). Closed fractures occurred in 93.0% of patients. Concomitant injuries included traumatic brain injury (TBI; 56.9%), malar/maxillary fracture (27.9%), and open wound of the face (38.6%) and nose (9.5%). Of all patients, 10.1% underwent closed or open reductions at index hospitalization. The strongest associated injuries with nasal fracture included open wound of the nose (odds ratio [OR]: 8.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.49–8.94, p < 0.001), epistaxis (OR: 5.26, 95% CI: 4.59–6.02, p < 0.001), malar/maxillary fracture (OR: 4.38, 95% CI: 4.30–4.45, p < 0.001), and orbital fracture (OR: 3.99, 95% CI: 3.91–4.06, p < 0.001). Nasal fractures are common traumatic injuries with more than 90% occurring by blunt mechanism and over half suffering from a concomitant TBI. The strongest associated injury with nasal fracture is an open wound of the nose.

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“…With this ratio, if children are traumatized directly it will directly affect the head, whereas in adults more often on the face. 28 Intracranial injuries occur more at a young age and decrease with increasing age due to craniofacial bone development, with the presence of sinus pneumatization which is formed perfectly in adulthood as a barrier to trauma energy. 29 Whereas male gender is dominant than female, namely (4: 1) while Bagheri SC et al with a ratio (3: 1) because workers are dominated by men rather than women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of the Severity of Maxillofacial Trauma Based on Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS) Against the Severity of Head Injury

Rachmanto¹,

Arif

2019

sjs

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ABSTRACT Introduction. Facial bone fractures can be accompanied by life-threatening complications such as head injuries. Maxillofacial trauma increases with time. The maxillofacial facial injury severity scale (FISS) scoring system was introduced to assess the patient's severity, prognosis, and outcome. Maxillofacial FISS has predictive value on the severity of head injuries. Method. This research uses analytic observation method with cross sectional design approach. The population and sample were all maxillofacial trauma patients who had been treated at RSUP dr. Moehammad Hoesin Palembang from January-September 2018. Data is taken from secondary data, namely the patient's medical record. Results. The incidence of maxillofacial trauma at RSUP dr. Moehammad Hoesin Palembang is 95 cases. The most cases occurred in the age group <30 years (62.1%). Gender male (85.3%), the scene outside the city (52.6%). There were 21 maxillofacial trauma patients undergoing neurosurgery (22.1%). There was no relationship between FISS and the severity of head injury (p = 0.063), there was a significant relationship between FISS and neurosurgery (p = <0.001). Conclusion. There is a relationship between the severity of maxillofacial trauma based on the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS) score on the severity of the head injury.

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Severe Facial Fracture is Related to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Sequencing of Fixation in Panfacial Fracture: A Systematic Review

Sequencing of Fixation in Panfacial Fracture: A Systematic Review

National Analysis of Risk Factors for Nasal Fractures and Associated Injuries in Trauma

Relationship of the Severity of Maxillofacial Trauma Based on Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS) Against the Severity of Head Injury

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