Severe Snowmelt Runoff in North-East England and Its Implications.

ARCHER, DR; Reynolds, G.P.

doi:10.1680/iicep.1982.1719

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Dartmoor), and a correspondingly greater number of days with snow lying (see Holden and Rose, ; Met Office, ). As a result, snowmelt combining with rainfall is an important extreme flood generator in northern Britain (Archer, ).…”

Section: Study Catchments and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…transition from –NAO to +NAO). These transitional phases are critical because snow–water equivalents can exceed 100 mm in the UK uplands and cause extreme runoff in combination with heavy rainfall (Archer, ). In terms of boulder‐berm generation, prolonged periods of winter cold may also increase sediment supply from slopes to river channels (Clark, ).…”

Section: Rainfall Extreme Floods and The North Atlantic Oscillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rain‐on‐snow floods do sometimes however occur during positive NAO phases (Table ), typically during cold spells associated with west‐northwest winds following the passage of a depression; conditions that give snow cover on high ground in northern England (Johnson, ). Meteorological data (Table ) show that: (i) rain‐on‐snow floods can be generated in association with modest temperature change (1995 and 2011; also see Archer, ); and (ii) very short cold snaps during otherwise mild winters (December 2011; Tables and ) can lead to serious flooding (Figure ). Positive NAO winters are not always mild across the whole UK; for example, Kendon and McCarthy () describe exceptionally deep and prolonged snow cover (mid‐December to late‐February) on the Scottish Mountains during the mild, wet and flood‐rich winter of 2013/2014 (NAO 2.05).…”

Section: Rainfall Extreme Floods and The North Atlantic Oscillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A hydrogeomorphic assessment of twenty‐first century floods in the UK

Foulds

Macklin

2015

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The occurrence of devastating floods in the British uplands during the first two decades of the twenty-first century poses two key questions: (1) are recent events unprecedented in terms of their frequency and magnitude; and (2) is climate and/or land-use change driving the apparent upturn in flooding? Conventional methods of analysing instrumental flow records cannot answer these questions because upland catchments are usually ungauged, and where records do exist they rarely provide more than 30-40 years of data. In this paper we analyse all lichen-dated upland flood records in the United Kingdom (UK) to establish the longer-term context and causes of recent severe flooding. Our new analysis of torrential sedimentary deposits shows that twenty-first century floods are not unprecedented in terms of both their frequency (they were more frequent before 1960) and magnitude (the biggest events occurred during the seventeenth-nineteenth centuries). However, in some areas recent floods have either equalled or exceeded the largest historical events. The majority of recent floods have been triggered by torrential summer downpours related to a marked negative phase of the summer North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) between 2007 and 2012. It is of concern that historical data suggests there is far more capacity in the North Atlantic climate system to produce wetter and more prolonged flood-rich periods than hitherto experienced in the twenty-first century. Looking forwards, an increased likelihood of weather extremes due to climate change means that geomorphological based flood series extensions must be placed at the centre of flood risk assessment in the UK uplands and in similar areas worldwide. Â© 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Section: Study Catchments and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rainfall Extreme Floods and The North Atlantic Oscillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rainfall Extreme Floods and The North Atlantic Oscillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A hydrogeomorphic assessment of twenty‐first century floods in the UK

Foulds

Macklin

2015

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Such totals may accumulate in a single storm, for example 107 cm in Durham in a 2 day storm in February 1941 and 76 cm in Cardiff in 1945 (Jackson 1978). Less information is available on water equivalent but Archer (1981) records amounts up to 200 mm in the Pennines in 1979 and Ferguson (1984) indicates values over 300 mm in several winters in the Scottish Highlands.…”

Section: The Maritime Snow Climate Of Britainmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Satellite Remote Sensing of Snow over Great Britain in Relation to Cloud Cover

ARCHER¹,

Bailey

Barrett

et al. 1994

Hydrology Research

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Whilst satellite monitoring of snow cover is already operational in some countries, the maritime climate of the United Kingdom poses special problems for assessment of snow cover by satellite, including the short snow duration, its intermittent occurrence and associated conditions of cloud. Both satellite and ground-based observations of cloud have been used to assess the limitations imposed by cloud over broad regions and also for individual sites at different elevations and during periods of snow accumulation, stability and ablation. It is concluded that satellite sensing based on visible and infrared images alone is restricted by cloud cover, but can often provide helpful ancillary information in support of ground based measurements and satellite images from other spectral bands.

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