Sex determination in flatfishes: Mechanisms and environmental influences

Luckenbach, J. Adam; Borski, Russell J.; Daniels, Harry V.; Godwin, John

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2008.12.002

Cited by 106 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…For the converse system of an XX/XY population with thermosensitivity allowing XX reversal, an analogous continuum of sex-determining modes emerges (figure 2), with the important exception that a malefemale-male (MFM) pattern of GSD-TSD interaction arises, as observed in flatfish [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evolutionary transitions between mechanisms of sex determination in vertebrates

et al. 2011

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Sex in many organisms is a dichotomous phenotype-individuals are either male or female. The molecular pathways underlying sex determination are governed by the genetic contribution of parents to the zygote, the environment in which the zygote develops or interaction of the two, depending on the species. Systems in which multiple interacting influences or a continuously varying influence (such as temperature) determines a dichotomous outcome have at least one threshold. We show that when sex is viewed as a threshold trait, evolution in that threshold can permit novel transitions between genotypic and temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) and remarkably, between male (XX/XY) and female (ZZ/ZW) heterogamety. Transitions are possible without substantive genotypic innovation of novel sex-determining mutations or transpositions, so that the master sex gene and sex chromosome pair can be retained in ZW-XY transitions. We also show that evolution in the threshold can explain all observed patterns in vertebrate TSD, when coupled with evolution in embryonic survivorship limits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evolutionary transitions between mechanisms of sex determination in vertebrates

et al. 2011

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“…Nowadays the mechanisms controlling sex determination in fish are still poorly understood and the SD region has been identified in only eight fish including both model and aquaculture species (review in Penman and Piferrer, 2008) A wide sprectrum of reproductive strategies exists in fish ranging from strict gonochorism to hermaphroditism (Devlin and Nagahama, 2002). Also, teleosts have the most diversified sex determination system and thus evolutionary proximity does not mean that species share the same sex determination mechanism (Yamazaki, 1983;Luckenbach et al, 2009). The phenotypic sex of an individual is the result of a combination of two processes: sex determination and sex differentiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative expression analysis in mature gonads, liver and brain of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) by cDNA-AFLPS

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Robledo

Palacio

et al. 2012

Gene

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Turbot is one of the most important farmed fish in Europe. This species exhibits a considerable sexual dimorphism in growth and sexual maturity that makes the all-female production recommended for turbot farming. Our knowledge about the genetic basis of sex determination and the molecular regulation of gonad differentiation in this species is still limited. Our goal was to identify and compare gene expression and functions between testes and ovaries in adults in order to ascertain the relationship between the genes that could be involved in the gonad differentiation or related to the sex determination system. The identification of differentially expressed sex related genes is an initial step towards understanding the molecular mechanisms of gonad differentiation. For this, we carried out a transcriptome analysis based on cDNA-AFLP technique which allowed us to obtain an initial frame on sex-specific gene expression that will facilitate further analysis especially along the critical gonad differentiating period. With the aim of widening the study on sex-biased gene expression we reproduced the same experiments in two somatic tissues: liver and brain. We have selected the liver because it is the most analyzed one regarding sexual dimorphic gene expression and due to its importance in steroid hormones metabolism and brain because the functional relationship between brain and gonad is documented. We found slight but important differences between sexes which deserve further investigation.

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“…Cytochrome P450 aromatase is a key enzyme in the hormonal pathway catalyzing the conversion of sex steroids such as androgens to estrogens, and thus is highly relevant to the process of sex change (Guiguen et al, 2010). Administration of exogenous estrogen or aromatase inhibitor has resulted in sex reversal in fish (Luckenbach et al, 2009;Guiguen et al, 2010). Aromatase is a duplicated gene in all investigated teleost fish (Luckenbach et al, 2009;Guiguen et al, 2010), except in eels (Jeng et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Administration of exogenous estrogen or aromatase inhibitor has resulted in sex reversal in fish (Luckenbach et al, 2009;Guiguen et al, 2010). Aromatase is a duplicated gene in all investigated teleost fish (Luckenbach et al, 2009;Guiguen et al, 2010), except in eels (Jeng et al, 2005). Thus, most teleosts have two different genes, cyp19a1a (also referred to as P450aromA, cyp19a or cyp19a1) and cyp19a1b (also referred to as P450aromB, cyp19b, or cyp19a2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, most teleosts have two different genes, cyp19a1a (also referred to as P450aromA, cyp19a or cyp19a1) and cyp19a1b (also referred to as P450aromB, cyp19b, or cyp19a2). cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b encode ovarian or gonad type aromatase and neural or brain type aromatase which are expressed mainly in the gonad and brain, respectively (Luckenbach et al, 2009;Guiguen et al, 2010). Ontogenetic expression of ovarian aromatase is linked to sex differentiation in fish (Ezagouri et al, 2008;Ijiri et al, 2008;Jorgensen et al, 2008;Guiguen et al, 2010), but brain aromatase is likely not Kallivretaki et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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