Sex determination using metatarsal osteometrics from the Athens collection

Mountrakis, Constantine; Eliopoulos, Constantine; Koilias, Christos; Manolis, Sotiris K.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.03.041

Cited by 45 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This has led to a multitude of new population-specific techniques to determine biological profiles from different locations (Charisi et al, 2011;Manolis et al, 2009;Mountrakis et al, 2010) Sexual dimorphism between males and females is what allows sex to be determined in human skeletal remains and is caused by several factors. Firstly, there is natural selection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing size and strength of the clavicle for its usefulness for sex estimation in a British medieval sample

Atterton

Groote

Eliopoulos

2016

HOMO

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The construction of the biological profile from human skeletal remains is the foundation of anthropological examination. However, remains may be fragmentary and the elements usually employed, such as the pelvis and skull, are not available. The clavicle has been successfully used for sex estimation in samples from Iran and Greece. In the present study the aim was to test the suitability of the measurements used in those previous studies on a British Medieval population. In addition, the project tested whether discrimination between sexes was due to size or clavicular strength.The sample consisted of 23 females and 25 males of pre-determined sex from two medieval collections: Poulton and Gloucester. Six measurements were taken using an osteometric board, sliding callipers and graduate tape. In addition, putty rings and bi-planar radiographs were made and robusticity measures calculated. The resulting variables were used in stepwise discriminant analyses.The linear measurements allowed correct sex classification in 89.6% of all individuals.This demonstrates the applicability of the clavicle for sex estimation in British populations.The most powerful discriminant factor was maximum clavicular length and the best combination of factors was maximum clavicular length and circumference. This result is similar to that obtained by other studies.To further investigate the extent of sexual dimorphism of the clavicle, the biomechanical properties of the polar second moment of area J and the ratio of maximum to minimum bending rigidity are included in the analysis. These were found to have little influence when entered into the discriminant function analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing size and strength of the clavicle for its usefulness for sex estimation in a British medieval sample

Atterton

Groote

Eliopoulos

2016

HOMO

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“…Most of the studies pertaining to sex estimation have been conducted on calcaneus and talus as these exhibit greater degree of sexual dimorphism amongst foot bones [23,24]. The studies [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] successfully estimated sex from tarsals and metatarsals and gave varied degree of reliability and accuracy. The studies used various methods of sex estimation from bones; however, the discriminant function analysis remained a successful tool for more reliability and accuracy in forensic scenario.…”

Section: Foot In Forensic Identification Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of forensic podiatry—A novel sub-discipline of forensic sciences

Krishan¹,

Kanchan²,

DiMaggio³

2015

Forensic Science International

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“…Men are usually taller and heavier than women and they present morphological differences of the foot (e.g., Robling & Ubelaker, ; Smith, ; Wilbur, ; Wunderlich and Cavanagh, ; Ozden, Balci, Demirüstü, Turgut, & Ertugrul, ; Case & Ross, ; Mountrakis, Eliopoulos, Koilias, & Manolis, ). Men usually have longer feet for a given stature (Ashizawa, Kumakura, Kusumoto, & Narasaki, ; Barker & Scheuer, ; Davis, ; Fessler, Haley, & Lal, ; Giles & Vallandigham, ; Hisham, Mamat, & Ibrahim, ; Hrdlicka, ; Manna, Pradhan, Ghosh, Kar, & Dhara, ; Wunderlich & Cavanagh, ), but they are also characterized by a lower longitudinal arch when controlled for foot length, although the difference is only 1.59 mm for a 257‐mm‐long foot (Wunderlich & Cavanagh, ), a difference representing less than 1% of total foot length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metatarsal torsion in humans and footwear type

Drapeau

Forgues‐Marceau

2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Metatarsal torsion has been hypothesized to be a plastic trait that can be influenced by the type of shoes worn in human populations. Wearing stiff‐sole shoes tend to result in narrower feet and higher longitudinal arches. These modifications are expected to translate into less torsion of the hallucal metatarsal but greater torsion of the four lateral metatarsals. In addition, there is some evidence that women have higher arches than men, so women are expected to have greater torsion of the lateral four metatarsals. To test these hypotheses, this paper compares men and women from two archaeological populations, Amerinds and Eurocanadians, that are documented to have worn very different shoe types, soft moccasins for the former and hard‐sole leather shoes or wooden clogs for the latter. First, we test for sexual differences within both populations, and, second, we compare the two populations. Our results show no significant differences between men and women. The similarity in torsional values for males and females is explained by the very small arch height difference documented in modern populations, a difference that is likely too small to translate into significantly different torsional values. However, the two populations had significantly different torsional values in the direction expected from the effect of wearing stiff‐sole shoes for all metatarsals except the second. The lack of differences of the second metatarsal is explained by its “keystone” position in the transverse arch of the foot; the foot shape modification brought about by wearing stiff shoes does not alter the orientation of the second metatarsals base, only raising it higher. As a consequence, torsional values for that metatarsal do not differ despite arch height differences. This study shows that metatarsal torsion values, at the population level, can inform on the type of footwear worn by past populations.

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Sex determination using metatarsal osteometrics from the Athens collection

Cited by 45 publications

References 18 publications

Assessing size and strength of the clavicle for its usefulness for sex estimation in a British medieval sample

Assessing size and strength of the clavicle for its usefulness for sex estimation in a British medieval sample

Emergence of forensic podiatry—A novel sub-discipline of forensic sciences

Metatarsal torsion in humans and footwear type

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