Sex Differences in Kidney Mineral Concentrations and Urinary Albumin Excretion in Rats Given High-phosphorus Feed

Abstract

We examined sex diŠerences in kidney mineral concentrations and urinary albumin excretion in rats given feed containing various phosphorus (P) levels. With feed that was 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, and 1.5%P, kidney calcium and P concentrations were higher in female rats than in male rats. With 1.2% or 1.5%P, urinary albumin excretion was higher in the female rats. The sex of the animal aŠected the kidney mineral concentrations and urinary albumin excretion in rats with a high P intake.

Single- and Repeated-Dose Oral Toxicity Studies of Citicoline Free-Base (Choline Cytidine 5′-Pyrophosphate) in Sprague-Dawley Rats

“…Male rats are generally less susceptible to NC induced from the diet. 18,26,27 In accordance with this, only 2 males of the 1000 mg/kg/d group exhibited slight NC in the present study.…”

“…The ratio of Ca to P especially influences the occurrence of renal mineral deposits: a Ca:P ratio in the diet of less than 1 increases the incidence and severity of this lesion, whereas increasing the ratio to greater than 1 prevents development of the lesion. 24-26…”

“…The ratio of Ca to P especially influences the occurrence of renal mineral deposits: a Ca:P ratio in the diet of less than 1 increases the incidence and severity of this lesion, whereas increasing the ratio to greater than 1 prevents development of the lesion. [24][25][26] The Ssniff rodent feed used in the present study contained Ca:P at a molar ratio of 0.97. However, citicoline free-base is composed of cytidine and choline linked by a diphosphate bridge, yielding a 12.69% phosphorus content for the test article.…”

High Phosphorus Diet Changes Phosphorus Metabolism Regardless of PTH Action in Rats

“…12) Increases of dietary P cause repression of the body weight gain. In this study, high P diet did not change the results showing growth promotion in sham rats, because of the shortened experimental period compared to the previous studies.…”

Effects of Dietary Phosphorus Intake on Bone Mineralization and Calcium Absorption in Adult Female Rats

“…Our previous studies have show that a high-P diet (1.5% P) decreased the weight gain and food intake in young male 10,11) and female rats 11) for three weeks. With regard to the PTH secretion, we have recently reported greater PTH secretion accompanied by a decrease in serum Ca concentration in young male rats fed diets containing 1.2-1.5% P than in animals fed diets containing 0.3-0.9% P for three weeks.…”