Sex differences in the kinematics and neuromuscular control of landing: Biological, environmental and sociocultural factors

Bruton, Michaela; O’Dwyer, Nicholas; Adams, Roger

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.04.012

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Although we did not find sex differences in hip joint stiffness, there were differences in hip joint moments and flexion range. Despite our findings of some sex differences in landing variables, a review by Bruton et al of sex differences in the kinematics of landing, and a more recent study in basketball and floorball athletes, provides little support for the presence of sex‐specific kinematic patterns for landing tasks. Data for sagittal hip, knee, and ankle joint angles show sex differences in only a minority of studies and contrasting results between studies make it difficult to compare our kinematic data with previous research.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…Increased lower limb joint stiffness has been associated with bony injuries, such as stress fracture risk in runners, [18][19][20] while reduced joint stiffness has been linked with soft tissue injuries. 21 A review of the literature has shown there are differences in relative leg stiffness between males and females during jump landings 22 ; however, it is unknown whether there are sex differences in leg stiffness or joint stiffness due to differences in training at the elite level. For elite athletes and dancers, specific movement patterns are trained over a long period of time, usually many years, resulting in development of preferred movement strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of lower limb stiffness between male and female dancers and athletes during drop jump landings

Ward

Yan

Orishimo

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Repetition of jumps in dance and sport training poses a potential injury risk; however, non‐contact landing injuries are more common in athletes than dancers. This study aimed to compare the lower limb stiffness characteristics of dancers and athletes during drop landings to investigate possible mechanisms of impact‐related injuries. Kinematics and kinetics were recorded as 39 elite modern and ballet dancers (19 men and 20 women) and 40 college‐level team sport athletes (20 men and 20 women) performed single‐legged drop landings from a 30‐cm platform. Vertical leg stiffness and joint stiffness of the hip, knee, and ankle were calculated using a spring‐mass model. Stiffness data, joint kinematics, and moments were compared with a group‐by‐sex 2‐way analysis of variance. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the relative contribution of hip and knee and ankle joint stiffness to variance in overall vertical leg stiffness for dancers and athletes. Dancers had lower leg (P < 0.001), knee joint (P = 0.034), and ankle joint stiffness (P = 0.043) than athletes. This was facilitated by lower knee joint moments (P = 0.012) and greater knee (P = 0.029) and ankle joint (P = 0.048) range of motion in dancers. Males had higher leg (P < 0.001) and ankle joint stiffness (P < 0.001) than females. This occurred through lower ankle range of motion (P < 0.001) and greater ankle moment (P = 0.022) compared to females. Male and female dancers demonstrated reduced lower limb stiffness compared to athletes, indicating a more pliable landing technique. Dance training techniques could potentially inform approaches to injury prevention in athletes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of lower limb stiffness between male and female dancers and athletes during drop jump landings

Ward

Yan

Orishimo

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…not played organised AF for the past three years)a stark contrast to the typically lifelong developmental experience of men in the AFL. The combination of reduced sport-specific motor skill development acquired through deliberate practice, [9] along with very short pre-season training periods for the AFLW could create a 'perfect storm' of athletes with higher risk of ACL injury in a 'new' sport encompassing high-risk tasks.…”

Section: A Biological Problem or Something Else?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Should females play Australian football? You’re asking the wrong question…

Fox¹,

Bonacci²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have been a rising concern in the early years of the women’s Australian Football League (AFLW) – eliciting headlines of a “knee crisis” surrounding the league. There has been a focus on female biology as the primary factor driving the high rate of ACL injuries in the AFLW. Emphasising Australian football as being dangerous for females due to their biology may be misrepresenting a root cause of the ACL injury problem, perpetuating gender stereotypes that can restrict physical development and participation of females in the sport. We propose that that a framework addressing environmental and sociocultural factors, along with biological determinants, is required to truly challenge the ACL injury problem in the AFLW. Sports science and medicine must therefore strive to understand the whole system of female Australian football, and question how to address inequities for the benefit of the athletes.

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“…Calibration markers were removed and participants completed five successful unilateral landings on their dominant limb from heights of 30 cm (D30), 40 cm (D40), 50 cm (D50), and a height equal to their maximum jumping ability (DR). These absolute heights were chosen because they are commonly used to assess sex differences in unilateral landing mechanics [27]. Participants were instructed to keep their arms folded across their chest throughout the landing.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in unilateral landing mechanics from absolute and relative heights

2015

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Sex differences in the kinematics and neuromuscular control of landing: Biological, environmental and sociocultural factors

Cited by 36 publications

References 67 publications

Comparison of lower limb stiffness between male and female dancers and athletes during drop jump landings

Comparison of lower limb stiffness between male and female dancers and athletes during drop jump landings

Should females play Australian football? You’re asking the wrong question…

Sex differences in unilateral landing mechanics from absolute and relative heights

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