Sex differences in the taste preference for a salt solution in the rat

Krecek, J; Nováková, V.; Stibral, K.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(72)90358-7

Cited by 69 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Females, however, had a greater preference for saline, compared to male rats. This is not surprising because previous reports demonstrate that females show a stronger saline preference during ab libitum intake (Flynn et al, 1993; Krecek, 1973), a sex difference that is mediated by organizational effects of gonadal hormones (Krecek et al, 1972). Sex differences in drinking microstructure in response to AngII, however, have not been explored until now.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Sex differences in the drinking response to angiotensin II (AngII): Effect of body weight

Santollo

Torregrossa

Daniels

2017

Hormones and Behavior

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Sex differences in fluid intake stimulated by angiotensin II (AngII) have been reported, but the direction of the differences is inconsistent. To resolve these discrepancies, we measured water intake by male and female rats given AngII. Males drank more than females, but when intake was normalized to body weight, the sex difference was reversed. Weight-matched males and females, however, had no difference in intake. Using a linear mixed model analysis, we found that intake was influenced by weight, sex, and AngII dose. We used linear regression to disentangle these effects further. Comparison of regression coefficients revealed sex and weight differences at high doses of AngII. Specifically, after 100ng AngII, weight was a predictor of intake in males, but not in females. Next, we tested for differences in AngII-induced intake in male and females allowed to drink both water and saline. Again, males drank more water than females, but females showed a stronger preference for saline. Drinking microstructure analysis suggested that these differences were mediated by postingestive signals and more bottle switches by the females. Finally, we probed for differences in the expression of components of the renin-angiotensin system in the brains of males and females and found sex differences in several genes in discrete brain regions. These results provide new information to help understand key sex differences in ingestive behaviors, and highlight the need for additional research to understand baseline sex differences, particularly in light of the new NIH initiative to balance sex in biomedical research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Sex differences in the drinking response to angiotensin II (AngII): Effect of body weight

Santollo

Torregrossa

Daniels

2017

Hormones and Behavior

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“…This pattern is established neonatally and can be suppressed in adult rats by testosterone ( 73 ). Neonatally androgenized females display low male-like salt intake and neonatally gonadectomized males display female-like high sodium intake ( 74 , 75 ).…”

Section: The Pathophysiology Of Migrainementioning

confidence: 99%

Roads Less Traveled: Sexual Dimorphism and Mast Cell Contributions to Migraine Pathology

et al. 2016

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Migraine is a common, little understood, and debilitating disease. It is much more prominent in women than in men (~2/3 are women) but the reasons for female preponderance are not clear. Migraineurs frequently experience severe comorbidities, such as allergies, depression, irritable bowel syndrome, and others; many of the comorbidities are more common in females. Current treatments for migraine are not gender specific, and rarely are migraine and its comorbidities considered and treated by the same specialist. Thus, migraine treatments represent a huge unmet medical need, which will only be addressed with greater understanding of its underlying pathophysiology. We discuss the current knowledge about sex differences in migraine and its comorbidities, and focus on the potential role of mast cells (MCs) in both. Sex-based differences in pain recognition and drug responses, fluid balance, and the blood–brain barrier are recognized but their impact on migraine is not well studied. Furthermore, MCs are well recognized for their prominent role in allergies but much less is known about their contributions to pain pathways in general and migraine specifically. MC-neuron bidirectional communication uniquely positions these cells as potential initiators and/or perpetuators of pain. MCs can secrete nociceptor sensitizing and activating agents, such as serotonin, prostaglandins, histamine, and proteolytic enzymes that can also activate the pain-mediating transient receptor potential vanilloid channels. MCs express receptors for both estrogen and progesterone that induce degranulation upon binding. Furthermore, environmental estrogens, such as Bisphenol A, activate MCs in preclinical models but their impact on pain pathways or migraine is understudied. We hope that this discussion will encourage scientists and physicians alike to bridge the knowledge gaps linking sex, MCs, and migraine to develop better, more comprehensive treatments for migraine patients.

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“…This argues that there is no organizational sex difference affecting this function of E2. Paradoxically, however, in spite of having much lower circulating estrogens, males drink less saline under most conditions than do females (Krecek et al, 1972; Wolf, 1982; Sakai et al, 1989; Chow et al, 1992; Flynn et al, 1993; Curtis et al, 2004). For instance, the combination of mild sodium deficiency and the diuretic furosemide reliably stimulates saline intake in both male and female rats.…”

Section: Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the sex difference in saline intake emerges early and can be observed in pups as young as 14 days using renin treatment to stimulate saline intake (Leshem and Epstein, 1989). Gonadectomy during adulthood or 10 days after birth does not mitigate sex difference in saline intake (Krecek et al, 1972; Chow et al, 1992), but castration earlier than 10 days, during an apparent critical window, leads to higher, female-like saline intake in adulthood. In contrast, neonatal testosterone treatment causes females to exhibit lower, male-like levels of ad libitum saline in adulthood.…”

Section: Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of fluid intake by estrogens in the female rat: role of the hypothalamus

Santollo

Daniels

2015

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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Body fluid homeostasis is maintained by a complex network of central and peripheral systems that regulate blood pressure, fluid and electrolyte excretion, and fluid intake. The behavioral components, which include well regulated water and saline intake, are influenced by a number of hormones and neuropeptides. Since the early 1970s, it has been known that the ovarian estrogens play an important role in regulating fluid intake in females by decreasing water and saline intake under a variety of hypovolemic conditions. Behavioral, electrophysiological, gene and protein expression studies have identified nuclei in the hypothalamus, along with nearby forebrain structures such as the subfornical organ (SFO), as sites of action involved in mediating these effects of estrogens and, importantly, all of these brain areas are rich with estrogen receptors (ERs). This review will discuss the multiple ER subtypes, found both in the cell nucleus and associated with the plasma membrane, that provide diversity in the mechanism through which estrogens can induce behavioral changes in fluid intake. We then focus on the relevant brain structures, hypothesized circuits, and various peptides, such as angiotensin, oxytocin, and vasopressin, implicated in the anti-dipsogenic and anti-natriorexigenic actions of the estrogens.

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Sex differences in the taste preference for a salt solution in the rat

Cited by 69 publications

References 25 publications

Sex differences in the drinking response to angiotensin II (AngII): Effect of body weight

Sex differences in the drinking response to angiotensin II (AngII): Effect of body weight

Roads Less Traveled: Sexual Dimorphism and Mast Cell Contributions to Migraine Pathology

Control of fluid intake by estrogens in the female rat: role of the hypothalamus

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